最近的两项研究得出的结论是，低碳水化合物饮食可以增加寿命。但是，酮饮食仍然存在很多争议。

Has the fountain of youth been sitting on your dinner plate?

Two new scientific studies independently concluded that a ketogenic diet increased lifespan and preserved memory and motor function in mice.

For advocates of the diet, the results are another feather in their cap, but the question remains if the science really outweighs the hype for humans.

“我们得出的结论是，这是一种强大的效果，”巴克·韦丁（Eric Verdin）博士在新闻稿中说，巴克·韦尔丁（Eric Verdin）博士兼首席执行官兼首席执行官，一份论文的高级作者。“两项研究相互加强，因为它们都对健康范围表现出相同的全球影响。”

许多人正在注意。

“This is a really exciting finding and long overdue,” Susan A. Masino, PhD, a professor of applied science at Trinity College in Connecticut, told Healthline. “[Ketogenic diets] mimic the metabolic state of fasting, or caloric restriction — which has many similar benefits.”

Masino has spent years researching the ketogenic diet, metabolism, and brain health — that is, how what we eat affects our brains.

在韦尔丁的研究中，一些小鼠从脂肪中喂食的每日食物卡路里的70％至90％。

That was compared with control groups receiving only 13 percent to 17 percent from fat, with carbohydrate calories making up the bulk of the difference.

The mice on higher fat diets had longer lives, lower midlife mortality rates, and performed better on tests pertaining to certain cognitive functioning.

The results “clearly demonstrate that lifespan is increased in mice consuming a ketogenic diet,” compared with a control group, the authors wrote.

But, it’s impossible to say that such a conclusion could be reproduced in humans.

因此，一些专家在评估这些发现时得到了更大的衡量。

苏珊·韦纳, MS, RDN, CDE, CDN, a dietitian and diabetes educator, agrees that the results are promising, but she cautions that it is still “too soon to recommend” the diet to many individuals.

生酮饮食在美国的众多健康益处在美国的流行文化和健身界都普遍存在，但仍然有争议。

The diet is based on the simple premise that when carbohydrate intake is drastically lowered, or stopped entirely, the body must find a new primary source of energy.

That source is fat.

Ketosis is不同于酮症酸中毒这是24岁以下糖尿病患者死亡的主要原因。

Ketosis is identified by the presence of ketones in the bloodstream, a chemical that the body produces when it burns stored fat.

生酮饮食已被证明有效地帮助控制癫痫发作在某些患有癫痫的人中。

倡导者还称赞其帮助减轻磅的能力。

Masino说，这些新的结果进一步证明了一些研究人员（她本人）多年来一直认为是什么。

However, any time a diet, scientifically backed or not, takes over Americans’ dinner plates, there are bound to be complications.

Healthline’s expansive article在生酮饮食上指出了个人饮食可能遇到的许多问题。

These include the risk of muscle loss, fatigue, and, of course, the many health issues associated with yo-yo or fad dieting.

即使在那个故事中，许多专家彼此之间也有矛盾。

但是Weiner和Masino都同意，对于普通美国人来说，减少碳水化合物可能是一件好事。

Masino说：“大多数成年人将受益于减少饮食中碳水化合物的总数。”“遵循严格的生酮饮食，对于大多数人来说，除非他们具有非常具体的健康目标，否则可能没有必要或现实。”

生酮饮食的“不切实际”方面是，它实际上很难维持。

它需要严格遵守低碳水化合物，高脂饮食，几乎没有摆动的空间“作弊餐”，绝对没有糖果。

韦纳说：“在任何营养变化中，都必须有可持续性。”

For individuals who are out to lose weight, choosing a difficult diet can be taxing, and may cause further setbacks rather than help.

韦纳说：“当您停下来时，它确实会影响人们对自己感到难过的人，因为他们不能按照推荐的速度跟上它。”“因此，他们觉得试图减肥是另一个失败。”

生酮饮食被称为“反社会”，因为用餐变得困难，具体取决于人们严格遵守饮食。

“It can be very socially isolating,” said Weiner.

Even when preparing food at home, time management and cost are also factors for individuals who want to cook their own meals.

韦纳说：“社会和经济状况也影响了这一决定。”

最重要的是，希望启动营养饮食的个人应该意识到它会影响其生活的多重方式，超越潜在的健康益处或危害。

尽管这项关于生酮饮食的新研究令人兴奋，但在人类试验中仍有重要的工作要做。即使那样，它可能对每个人都不是有益的。

但是，随着人们对公众的兴趣继续增长，个人对饮食的明智决定越明智，就越好。

Weiner said proponents of this [diet] suggest that our current nutritional habits may lead to an increase incidence of obesity, prediabetes, cancer and type 2 diabetes. More studies are needed to determine if the ketogenic diet should be recommended for those at high risk for developing these conditions.

对于大多数美国人而言，必须遵守严格的生酮饮食要比更简单的饮食步骤（例如吃更少的甜食和碳水化合物，以及吃更多新鲜蔬菜）要困难得多。