- Social distancing includes several measures that can slow down the spread ofCOVID-19to prevent hospitals from becoming overwhelmed with sick individuals.
- Experts say since the virus that causes COVID-19 is spread from person to person through physically close social contacts, the best approach to prevention right now is to keep people from being in close contact as much as possible.
- 至关重要的是，每个人都会练习社交疏远，而不仅仅是生病的人。
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随着美国经历了广泛的学校关闭和政府命令，以关闭吸引人群的公共场所，您每天可能几次听到“社会疏远”一词。
社会距离包括几项措施，可以减慢Covid-19的传播，以防止医院被病人不知所措。如果允许新颖的冠状病毒散布，不受社会疏远的影响，那么在重症监护病房中可能没有足够的床位，为所有需要它们的人提供了足够的床位。
“Social distancing is a complicated way of saying stay away from people, and the microbial residue that people might have accidentally left behind,” said玛丽亚·琼斯（Malia Jones），威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校的一名社会流行病学家，研究人们的行为如何导致传染病的爆发。
“Since the virus that causes COVID-19 is spread from person to person through physically close social contacts, the best approach to prevention we have right now is to keep people from being in close contact as much as possible,” she explained.
琼斯说：“我一直在称社交距离'茧''，以促进您应该和家人一起在安全港里在家的想法。”
It’s critical that everyone practices social distancing, not just those who are sick, Jones told Healthline. This can help vulnerable populations, like older adults, from getting the virus. Due to delays in testing and the ability for someone to have and spread COVID-19, even if they appear healthy, it’s currently impossible to know who has it.
“社会疏远是个人承担的责任，以确保他们不是疾病的向量并打破传播链。”May Chu, PhD, a clinical professor in the department of epidemiology at the Colorado School of Public Health in Aurora, Colorado.
Stay home
“In a nutshell, stay at home except for essential errands,” Jones stated.
对于那些感觉健康的人来说，这也是如此。“许多病例非常温和或无症状。但是，即使您还没有生病，您仍然可以将其交给其他人。”她说。
Avoid all crowded places or events
Cancel any gatherings that involve members outside your household or “cocoon.” It’s possible that another household, such as that of immediate family, are also part of your small circle. If so, everyone in the cocoon needs to avoid social contact outside this circle and maintain a high level of personal hygiene.
The CDC
笔记：It’s critical to reserve surgical masks and N95 respirators for healthcare workers.
距离您家人以外的人3到6英尺
“建议是距离其他人3到6英尺，最好在外面，”传输风险较低。Thomas Jaenisch, PhD，科罗拉多州公共卫生学院的传染病流行病学家和副教授。Jaenisch说，如果您一分钟左右，则3到6英尺足够遥远，但“如果您在一个封闭的房间里开会一个小时，那是一个不同的故事”，应该避免。
Wash your hands often for 20 seconds, and don’t share items with people outside your cocoon
“为了避免得到任何（病毒）的任何东西，这些东西被打在桌子或门手柄上，然后最终进入您的嘴和鼻子，经常洗手，尤其是在吃饭之前，然后在您回家后立即在外面，”琼斯说。
Do I need to practice social distancing if I’m symptom-free?
我们要求专家确切地澄清如何在常见场景中练习社会疏远，以避免传播或签约Covid-19。对于某些情况，专家有明确的答案。但是对于其他人来说，科学尚未可用，因此有责任更加谨慎。
总体而言，专家认为以下情况通常不是必需的。Jaenisch说：“所有这些事情，例如去健身房，骑公共交通工具 - 所有这些都助长了流行病。”
Can I schedule play dates for my kids?
“让孩子们从学校回家,不让them mix with other kids outside your cocoon. School closures are especially important because even though children aren’t at particularly high risk for getting sick from COVID-19, they can still be carriers [and spread illness],” Jones explained.
我可以去餐馆和酒吧吗？
Many cities already have restrictions in place. “If there’s a government request to [stop going to these establishments] for high concern, we should all follow those rules and not go. It’s not prudent,” Chu said.
“If it’s not mandated yet, but you can anticipate [the mandate] coming, I wouldn’t go just to [dine out] one more time before everything closes. If you do dine out for whatever reason, it is safest to sit outside and ensure a lot of space between. “I’d say inside is more dangerous than outside,” Jaenisch said, noting that takeout is a much safer option.
我可以拜访我的年长父母或祖父母吗？
在某些情况下，协助老年人至关重要。但纯粹是为了进行社交访问，Jaenisch建议至少在接下来的几周内谨慎，并避免与老年人进行身体接触。
他说：“目前的主要目的之一是确保老年人安全，因为这些人是最脆弱的人，”他可能会出现严重的症状。致电或FaceTime您的家人。
Can I go to the gym?
It’s not responsible to go to the gym right now. Gyms are often crowded, enclosed spaces where people are touching the same equipment over and over without disinfecting it. Since the virus can live on metal or plastic surfaces up to 3 days, it’s best to exercise elsewhere.
根据Jaenisch的说法，在外面或与朋友见面徒步旅行，同时保持距离，这是更安全的活动。
Can I have a few friends over for game night?
只有当他们在你的内部圈子。保持它年代maller circles that always interact with each other — and even better, only each other, said Jaenisch.
Can I keep dating?
Not in person. You can still message people during this time, but wait 2 to 6 weeks to meet new people in person. “Be overcautious right now,” Jaenisch said.
Stay in touch to avoid loneliness
“We’re social beings by nature. We thrive on social connectedness,” saidJenn Leiferman, PhD落基山预防研究中心主任，科罗拉多州公共卫生学院社区与行为健康副教授。
“As much as social distancing is very important right now for the health and welfare of our country, it’s also very important that people still figure out ways to be connected to reduce the likelihood of social isolation and loneliness,” Leiferman said. She recommends staying connected with phone calls, video chats, and social media.