肺科经常提出问题
什么是肺科医生?
一个pulmonologist是专门诊断和治疗呼吸系统疾病和疾病的医生,包括:
- autoimmune disorders
- 癌症治疗
- 传染性疾病
- inflammation
- 结构问题
尽管在谈论肺病学时通常首先想到肺,但呼吸系统是由多个部分组成的,包括:
- bronchial tubes
- 膜片
- lungs
- mouth and nose
- 窦
- 喉咙(咽)
- 语音箱(喉)
- 气管(气管)
肺科医生s treat several kinds of respiratory conditions, including:
- 急性支气管炎:伴随着咳嗽和粘液的炎症
- 哮喘: a condition that causes inflammation and the narrowing of your airways
- 慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD):一组肺部疾病,难以呼吸
- Covid-19-19肺炎: a condition that causes severe breathing problems and lung failure
- 囊性纤维化: a condition that produces mucus buildup in your airways and lungs
- 间质性肺部疾病:几种导致肺疤痕和僵硬的情况
- 肺癌:一种可以开始或传播到肺的癌症
- pneumonia: a respiratory infection that causes fluid buildup in your lung’s air sacs
- 肺动脉高压:高血压会影响肺动脉
- 结核病(TB):肺的细菌感染
肺科医生进行了几项测试,包括用于诊断和了解您正在遇到的呼吸系统问题的成像测试。这些测试包括:
- blood tests:用于检查血液的氧气水平的测试
- bronchoscopy:一种看着肺部和气道内部的设备
- chest ultrasound: imaging that examines the organs and structures in your chest
- CT scans:肺和呼吸系统的诊断图像
- spirometry: a test that measures how well your lungs work
除了测试和成像外,肺科医生还执行几种可以帮助改善肺功能的程序。一些常见程序包括:
- airway ablation:打开空气通道的程序
- biopses: the collection of a tissue sample for disease screening
- 肺卫生:从肺部清除液体和粘液积聚的过程
For many minor concerns or symptoms of the respiratory system, you’ll receive care from your primary care physician (PCP). Your PCP will usually refer you to a pulmonologist if you’re experiencing the following:
- 定期产生血液或粘液的咳嗽
- 持续或恶化的咳嗽
- 呼吸困难
- unexplained weight loss
根据症状的严重程度,肺科医生可能会将您转介给专门治疗病情的肺外科医生。