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Yourbronchial tubesdeliver air from your气管(windpipe) into your lungs. When these tubes become inflamed,mucuscan build up. This condition is called bronchitis, and it causes symptoms that can includecoughing,shortness of breath， 和low fever.
支气管炎可以是急性或慢性：
Read on to learn more about symptoms, causes, and treatment of acute bronchitis.
The first symptoms of acute bronchitis are similar to those of a cold or flu.
典型的症状
这些症状可以包括：
- runny nose
- 咽喉痛
- tiredness
- 打喷嚏
- wheezing
- 轻松感冒
- 回来肌肉疼痛
- 发烧100°F至100.4°F（37.7°C至38°C）
在初始感染后，您可能会产生咳嗽。咳嗽起初可能会干燥，然后成熟，这意味着它会产生粘液。生产咳嗽是急性支气管炎最常见的症状，可以持续10天至三周。
Another symptom you may notice is a change ofcolor在你的粘液中，从白色到绿色或黄色。这并不意味着您的感染是病毒或细菌。这只是意味着你的immune systemis at work.
紧急症状
如果您在上面列出的任何症状，请致电您的医生：
- unexplained weight loss
- a deep, barking cough
- 呼吸困难
- chest pain
- a fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher
- 咳嗽超过10天的咳嗽
In many cases, acute bronchitis will go away without treatment. But if you see your doctor because of symptoms of acute bronchitis, they will start with a physical exam.
During the exam, your doctor will listen to your lungs as you breathe, checking for symptoms such as wheezing. They’ll also you ask about your coughs — for instance, how frequent they are and whether they produce mucus. They may also ask about recent colds or viruses, and whether you have other problems breathing.
If your doctor is uncertain about your diagnosis, they may suggest achest X-ray. This test helps your doctor know if you havepneumonia.
血液测试如果您的医生认为除了支气管炎外，可能需要培养。
Unless your symptoms are severe, there’s not a lot your doctor can do to treat acute bronchitis. In most cases, treatment is largely comprised of home care.
Home care tips
这些步骤应该有助于缓解您的症状，因为您变得更好。
Looking to try one of these easy remedies? Grab ahumidifier， 一些ginger tea， 和dark honeyonline now and start feeling better sooner.
These tips can help ease most symptoms, but if you’re wheezing or having trouble breathing, talk to your doctor. They can prescribe inhaled medication to help open your airways.
Treatment with antibiotics
When you feel sick, you may really hope your doctor will prescribe medication to make you feel better.
但是，重要的是要知道，不建议对急性支气管炎的人们建议的抗生素。大多数病症的病例是由病毒引起的，抗生素不适用于病毒，因此药物不会帮助您。
However, if you have acute bronchitis and are at high risk of pneumonia, your doctor may prescribe antibiotics during cold and flu season. This is because acute bronchitis can develop into pneumonia, and antibiotics could help prevent this from happening.
Children are more likely to develop acute bronchitis than the average adult. This is partly due to risk factors that only affect them, which may include:
- increased exposure to viruses in locations such as schools and playgrounds
- asthma
- allergies
- 慢性鼻窦炎
- 扩大扁桃体
- inhaled debris, including dust
年代ymptoms and treatment
儿童急性支气管炎的症状与成年人中的症状相同。因此，治疗也非常相似。
Your child should drink lots of clear fluids and get lots of bed rest. For fever and aches, consider giving them acetaminophen (Tylenol).
但是，在没有医生的批准的情况下，您不应该向6岁以下的儿童提供OTC药物。避免咳嗽药物，因为它们可能不安全。
There are several potential causes of acute bronchitis, as well as factors that increase your risk of getting it.
Causes
Causes of acute bronchitis include viral and bacterial infections, environmental factors, and other lung conditions.
病毒感染:Viruses cause
Bacterial infection:In rare cases, bacterial bronchitis can develop after a viral infection of bronchitis. This can result from infections by bacteria such asMycoplasma pneumoniae,Chlamydia肺炎， 和Bordetella pertussis（什么导致百日咳）。
刺激:Breathing in irritants such as smoke, smog, or chemical fumes can cause inflammation in your trachea and bronchial tubes. This can lead to acute bronchitis.
Other lung conditions:People with chronic bronchitis orasthmasometimes develop acute bronchitis. In these cases, acute bronchitis isn’t likely to be contagious because it’s not caused by an infection.
风险因素
Factors that increase your risk of acute bronchitis include:
- 呼吸cigarette smoke，包括二手烟
- 低抗病或免疫系统弱化
- 胃流回流
- frequent exposure to irritants, including dust or chemical fumes
- lack of疫苗接种对于流感，肺炎和呐喊咳嗽
- 年龄超过50年
支气管炎和肺炎都是肺部感染。这些条件之间的两个主要差异是导致它们的原因，以及它们影响的肺部的哪一部分。
Causes:支气管炎最常被病毒引起，但也可以由细菌或刺激物引起。然而，肺炎最常是由细菌引起的，但也可以由病毒或其他细菌引起。
地点：支气管炎导致支气管中的炎症。这些是连接到您的气管的管，将空气携带进入肺部。他们分支成较小的管，称为支气管。
另一方面，肺炎会导致你的肺泡炎症。这些是你的支气管末端的小囊。
治疗对于这两个条件不同，因此您的医生将注意到正确的诊断。
Acute bronchitis is传染性. This is because it’s caused by a short-term infection that can spread from person to person. The infection can spread through mucus droplets discharged when you cough, sneeze, or talk.
慢性支气管炎, on the other hand, isn’t contagious. This is because it’s not caused by an infection. Rather, it’s caused by long-term inflammation, which is usually a result of irritants such as smoking. The inflammation can’t be spread to another person.
急性支气管炎的症状通常在几周内清除。但是，如果您在第一个接下来的感染之后，您可以愈合可能需要更长时间。
There’s no way to completely prevent acute bronchitis because it has a variety of causes. However, you can decrease your risk by following the tips listed here.
If you have a weakened immune system due to a health condition or older age, you should take special care to avoid getting acute bronchitis. This is because you’re more likely to develop complications from it such asacute respiratory failureor pneumonia. Be sure to follow the prevention tips above to help decrease your risk.