肺科经常提出问题
什么是肺科医生？
一种肺科医生是专门诊断和治疗呼吸系统疾病和疾病的医生，包括：
- autoimmune disorders
- cancer treatment
- infectious diseases
- 炎
- structural problems
Though the lungs usually come to mind first when talking about pulmonology, the respiratory system is made of several parts, including:
- 支气管
- diaphragm
- 肺
- mouth and nose
- 窦
- throat (pharynx)
- 语音箱（喉）
- windpipe (trachea)
Pulmonologists treat several kinds of respiratory conditions, including:
- 急性支气管炎：伴随着咳嗽和粘液的炎症
- asthma: a condition that causes inflammation and the narrowing of your airways
- 慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）: a group of lung diseases that makes it hard to breathe
- Covid-19-19肺炎：导致严重呼吸问题和肺部衰竭的疾病
- cystic fibrosis: a condition that produces mucus buildup in your airways and lungs
- 间质性肺病: several conditions that cause lung scarring and stiffening
- 肺癌：一种可以开始或传播到肺的癌症
- pneumonia: a respiratory infection that causes fluid buildup in your lung’s air sacs
- pulmonary hypertension：高血压会影响肺动脉
- tuberculosis (TB)：肺的细菌感染
肺科医生进行了几项测试，包括用于诊断和了解您正在遇到的呼吸系统问题的成像测试。这些测试包括：
- 血液检查：用于检查血液的氧气水平的测试
- 支气管镜检查：一种看着肺部和气道内部的设备
- 胸部超声：检查胸部的器官和结构的成像
- CT扫描：肺和呼吸系统的诊断图像
- 肺活量测定法: a test that measures how well your lungs work
In addition to testing and imaging, a pulmonologist performs several procedures that can help improve the function of your lungs. Some common procedures include:
- airway ablation：打开空气通道的程序
- biopses：用于疾病筛查的组织样品的收集
- 肺卫生: a procedure that clears fluid and mucus buildup from your lungs
对于呼吸系统的许多小问题或症状，您将获得初级保健医生（PCP）的护理。如果您遇到以下情况，您的PCP通常会将您转介给肺科医生：
- 定期产生血液或粘液的咳嗽
- a persistent or worsening cough
- difficulty breathing
- unexplained weight loss
Depending on the severity of your symptoms, a pulmonologist may refer you to a pulmonary surgeon who specializes in treating your condition.