肺部常见问题
什么是肺病学？
一种pulmonologist是一名专门研究和治疗呼吸系统的疾病和条件的医生，包括：
- autoimmune disorders
- 癌症治疗
- 传染性疾病
- inflammation
- 结构问题
虽然肺部通常在谈论肺季度时先想到，但呼吸系统由几个部分制成，包括：
- bronchial tubes
- 隔膜
- lungs
- mouth and nose
- 鼻窦
- 喉咙（咽部）
- 歌唱箱（喉部）
- windpipe (trachea)
Pulmonologists treat several kinds of respiratory conditions, including:
- acute bronchitis：伴随着咳嗽和粘液的气道的炎症
- 哮喘: a condition that causes inflammation and the narrowing of your airways
- 慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）：一群肺病，使其难以呼吸
- Covid-19肺炎: a condition that causes severe breathing problems and lung failure
- 囊性纤维化: a condition that produces mucus buildup in your airways and lungs
- 间质肺病：几种导致肺疤痕和加强的条件
- 肺癌: a type of cancer that can start in or spread to your lungs
- pneumonia: a respiratory infection that causes fluid buildup in your lung’s air sacs
- 肺动脉高压：高血压，影响你的肺动脉
- 结核病（TB）：肺部的细菌感染
肺部学家进行多次测试，包括用于诊断和理解您正在遇到的呼吸问题的成像测试。这些测试包括：
- blood tests：用于检查血液的氧气水平的测试
- bronchoscopy：一个看起来在肺部和航空公司内的装置
- chest ultrasound: imaging that examines the organs and structures in your chest
- CT scans：肺和呼吸系统的诊断图像
- spirometry: a test that measures how well your lungs work
除了测试和成像之外，肺精机还执行若干程序，可以帮助改善肺部功能。一些常见程序包括：
- airway ablation：一个打开封闭式空气通道的程序
- biopses: the collection of a tissue sample for disease screening
- 肺卫生: a procedure that clears fluid and mucus buildup from your lungs
For many minor concerns or symptoms of the respiratory system, you’ll receive care from your primary care physician (PCP). Your PCP will usually refer you to a pulmonologist if you’re experiencing the following:
- 经常产生血液或粘液的咳嗽
- 咳嗽持续或恶化
- 呼吸困难
- unexplained weight loss
根据您的症状的严重程度，肺部学家可以将您推荐给专门治疗您的病情的肺外科医生。