What is retrosternal chest pain?
胸骨后的胸骨或胸骨后面的手段。因此，胸骨后胸痛是胸部内发生的疼痛。
Although it’s likely that pain behind the breastbone relates to the organs located there, such as the heart and esophagus, sometimes the pain originates elsewhere but is felt in this area.
在大多数情况下，胸骨后胸痛落入四个主要区域：
- 胃肠道或与胃和肠有关
- cardiovascular, or relating to the heart and blood vessels
- 呼吸道或与用于呼吸的器官有关
- tumoral, or relating to an abnormal growth of tissue
胸骨后胸痛可能是影响上胃和食道的许多疾病的症状。
Acid reflux
当胃中的酸向上移动到食道时，可能会导致胸部灼痛。Acid reflux通常通过饮食和生活方式改变以及非处方（OTC）处理抗酸剂像Alka-Seltzer，Maalox，Mylanta，Rolaids或Tums一样。
胃食管反流疾病（GERD）
格德is a more severe and chronic form of acid reflux and is treated the same way. In some cases, prescription medication and even surgery are necessary treatments for GERD.
Esophagitis
Esophagitisis a potentially damaging inflammation of the esophagus. It’s typically caused by acid reflux, infections, or allergies. Treatment for esophagitis is based on the underlying cause and the amount of tissue damage already sustained.
Esophageal ulcer
An食管溃疡is often caused by erosion of tissue in the esophagus. Acid reflux and bacterial infection of the stomach (like幽门螺杆菌) can cause this damage.
治疗通常包括Pepcid等OTC药物，但您的医生可能会开出：
- esomeprazole（Nexium）
- lansoprazole（prevacid）
- 奥美拉唑(Prilosec)
- other drugs that stop or reduce stomach acid production
Retrosternal chest pain can be a symptom of a condition affecting the heart and major blood vessels such as:
Angina
Angina is chest discomfort triggered by a reduced flow of oxygen-rich blood to the heart. Angina can be treated with lifestyle changes and medication. Sometimes — if the medications are not effective — surgery such asangioplasty或者bypass surgeryis recommended.
Myocardial infarction
A心肌梗塞是一个心脏病造成的损害心脏μscle from a decrease or full stop of blood flow to part of the heart.Heart attacksare often treated with angioplasty or a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) and medications such as:
- aspirin
- 卡维迪洛(Coreg)
- metoprolol（Toprol）
- 赖诺普利（Zestril）
- clopidogrel(Plavix)
- 华法林（香豆素）
心包炎
心包炎是心包或心脏周围组织的炎症。典型的治疗包括非甾体类抗炎药（NSAID）。如有必要，您的医生可能建议类固醇。抗生素could be prescribed if the pericarditis is caused by infection. If the pericarditis is chronic,colchicine（Colcrys）可以开处方。
Pulmonary embolism
Pulmonary embolism是一个障碍 - 例如blood clot— in one of the pulmonary arteries in your lungs. Typical treatment for pulmonary embolism includes anticoagulation medication like:
- 华法林（香豆素）
- heparin(Lovenox, Dalteparin)
- fondaparinux (Arixtra)
心房颤动
Often referred to asAFIB，房颤是一种不规则的心率，可以增加您中风和心脏病的风险。AFIB治疗可以包括药物，非手术程序和外科手术.
胸骨后胸痛可能是影响肺部和降低空气通道的症状。
Pleurisy
也称为胸膜炎pleurisy是由胸膜炎症引起的 - 肺部周围的衬里。胸膜炎治疗是基于炎症的根本原因。如果是由bacterial pneumonia, your doctor will prescribe an antibiotic. If the cause isviral, your pleurisy will often clear up on its own.
Tracheitis
气管炎是气管（气管）的炎症。气管炎的治疗取决于原因，该原因通常是过敏，病毒或基于细菌.
癌症
导致胸骨后胸痛的癌症包括：
- 肺癌
- esophageal cancer
- bone cancer(e.g., ribs)
- lymphoma (non-Hodgkin’s)
Retrosternal chest pain can be a symptom of a condition causing abenign胸骨后面的区域（非癌）或恶性（癌）肿瘤。
Mediastinal lymphadenopathy
纵隔淋巴结肿大（也称为纵隔腺病）是纵隔淋巴结的扩大。如果怀疑细菌感染，很可能会开处方。如果怀疑癌症，您的医生会建议活检.
胸腺瘤
胸腺瘤是胸腺上的生长。如果发现胸腺瘤，您的医生很可能会进行活检。
甲状腺下甲状腺/甲状腺
甲状腺很少会向下生长到胸部。如果检测到癌症或生长对气管，肺或血管施加太大压力，通常建议进行手术切除。
Chest pain, retrosternal or otherwise, can be the result of a number of causes. And many of those causes are serious enough to warrant a trip to your doctor for an evaluation. This is one of those “better safe than sorry” situations.