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How antacids work
抗酸are over-the-counter (OTC) medications that help neutralize stomach acid.
They work differently from other acid reducers such asH2受体阻滞剂和质子泵抑制剂（PPI）。Those drugs work by reducing or preventing the secretion of stomach acid.
抗酸剂可用于治疗过量胃酸的症状， 如：
- 酸回流, which can include regurgitation,bitter taste,持续干咳嗽, pain when lying down, andtrouble swallowing
- heartburn, which is a burning sensation in your chest or throat caused by acid reflux
- indigestion，这是你的上肠道疼痛，可以感觉像气体或膨胀
抗酸usually come in the following drug forms:
- 液体
- chewable gummy or tablet
- 你溶解在水中喝的平板电脑
Popular antacid brands include:
对于大多数人来说，抗酸性通常是安全的。然而，在服用含有氢铝和碳酸镁的某些抗酸剂之前，有某些医疗条件的人应与他们的医生交谈。
For example, people with心脏衰竭may have sodium restrictions to help decrease流体堆积。然而，抗酸剂通常含有大量的钠。这些人应该在使用抗酸之前问他们的医生。
人们肾功能衰竭may develop a buildup of aluminum after using antacids. This can lead to aluminum toxicity. People with kidney failure also tend to have problems with电解质平衡。All antacids contain electrolytes, which could make electrolyte balance problems worse.
在给孩子抗酸之前与您孩子的医生交谈。孩子们通常不会发展过量胃酸的症状，因此他们的症状可能与另一个条件有关。
抗酸性的副作用很少见。但是，即使您根据方向使用它们，也可以发生它们。
抗酸罐either cause便秘要么have a laxative effect. Some people have hadallergic reactions。抗酸也可能增加发展的风险sensitivities to certain foods。
副作用from misuse
抗酸性的许多副作用来自于没有按照指示服用它们。
Many antacids — including Maalox, Mylanta, Rolaids and Tums — contain calcium. If you take too much or take them for longer than directed, you could get an overdose of calcium.太多的钙可以引起：
Excess calcium can also lead toalkalosis。在这种情况下，您的身体不会使足够的酸正常工作。
If you feel like you need to use a lot of an antacid for relief, that might be a sign of another condition. If you’ve taken an antacid according to the directions and haven’t gotten relief, talk to your doctor.
抗酸罐interfere withthe function of other drugs. If you take other medications, check with your doctor or pharmacist before using antacids.
一些抗酸剂，例如碱溶剂含有阿司匹林。食品和药物管理局发布了一个
如果你服用另一种药物，可以增加出血的风险，如an anticoagulant or antiplatelet drug，你不应该服用这些抗酸。
Be sure to talk to your doctor before taking aspirin-containing antacids if you:
抗酸剂通常可以缓解过量胃酸的症状。但是，有时这些症状意味着你有更严重的病情。
重要的是，您知道如何识别这些条件以及如何回应它们。胃部不适可能是胃食管反流疾病（GERD）或者消化性溃疡。
抗酸罐only soothe, not cure, some of the symptoms of these conditions. If you have severe pain that doesn’t get better after using the recommended dosage of antacids for two weeks, call your doctor.
一些heart attack symptomscan also mimic stomach pains. You may be心脏病发作if you have severe chest pain that lasts longer than two minutes with any of the following symptoms:
- lightheadedness
- 气促
- 辐射到你的手臂，肩膀或下巴的疼痛
- 脖子或backpain
- 呕吐或恶心
如果您认为您可能会遇到心脏病发作，请致电911或您当地的紧急服务。
