With ulcerative colitis (UC), you’ll have flare-ups, or periods when you experience symptoms. Then you’ll have symptom-free periods called remissions.

非诊断治疗不治愈UC，但右侧药物应有助于使您的爆发更短，更少频繁。

Sometimes a treatment you try won’t be the right one for your condition and needs, or the treatment you’re currently on may stop working in treating your condition. If your medication does not help manage your flare-ups, here are seven steps you can take to start feeling better again.

UC medicationsbring down inflammation and allow your colon to heal. Knowing which ones are available and the situations they work best for can help you have a more informed discussion about them with your doctor.

Aminosalicylates (5-ASA drugs)

These medications help manage inflammation in people with mild to moderate UC. They may be the first medications you receive.

You can take them:

  • by mouth
  • as an enema
  • as a suppository

Examples include:

  • mesalamine (Apriso, Canasa)
  • olsalazine (Dipentum)
  • balsalazide (Colazal)

Corticosteroids

These medications help manage more severe symptoms. You should only use them for short periods because they can cause side effects such as weight gain and weakened bones.

Steroid medications are available in a variety of forms, including as a foam, suppository, pill, or syrup. The oral form is more potent, but it causes more side effects than topical forms.

Examples are:

  • Budesonide（Uceris）
  • prednisone (Prednisone Intensol, Rayos)
  • prednisolone (Prelone)
  • methylprednisolone (Medrol, Depo-Medrol)

Immunosuppressants

These medications are for people who do not get better on aminosalicylates. They reduce the immune system response to help prevent damage to the colon.

They’re available in oral forms, such as pills and suspensions. They’re also available as injectable drugs.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved immunosuppressants as a UC treatment. However, your doctor may prescribe them anyway if they feel it’s best for your care. This is known asoff-label drug use.

Examples include:

  • methotrexate (Trexall, Otrexup, Rasuvo)
  • azathioprine (Azasan, Imuran)
  • tacrolimus (Astagraf XL, Envarsus XR, Prograf)

Biologics

Biologics are used to treat moderate to severe disease in people where the condition has not improved with other treatments. These medications block an immune system protein that contributes to inflammation.

Biologics are administered intravenously or through an injection.

Examples of these drugs are:

  • adalimumab (Humira)
  • golimumab (Simponi)
  • infliximab (Remicade)
  • ustekinumab (Stelara)
  • vedolizumab (Entyvio)

Tofacitinib

Tofacitinib belongs to a class of medications known as Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors. JAK inhibitors block an inflammatory protein, so they work similarly to biologics.

Tofacitinib is available as a tablet or liquid solution under the brand names Xeljanz and Xeljjanz XR.

治疗UC是一个长期的承诺。即使你feel well, skipping doses or stopping your medication could cause your symptoms to come back.

When you get a new prescription, make sure you know exactly how and when to take your medication. Ask your doctor what you should do or call your pharmacy if you accidentally miss a dose.

If you developside effectsfrom the medications, make an appointment with your doctor to discuss switching to another medication. Do not stop taking medication on your own.

A sudden return of UC symptoms — such as belly pain, diarrhea, and blood stools — can make it obvious that you’ve entered a flare-up and may need to talk with your doctor about adjusting your treatment. Sometimes the symptoms are subtler.

Keep track of any changes in the way you feel, no matter how small they are. Let your doctor know if:

  • you have more bowel movements than usual
  • your bowel movements change in amount or texture
  • you notice blood in your stool
  • you feel tired or have less energy
  • you have less of an appetite, or you’ve lost weight
  • you have other symptoms, such asjoint painormouth sores

在日记中写下你的症状可以帮助你向医生解释一下。

Sometimes one medication isn’t enough to tackle severe UC symptoms. Your doctor might give you a second medication to help you manage your condition. For example, you might need to take both a biologic and an immunosuppressant drug.

Taking more than one medication can increase the odds of treatment success. It can also increase your chances of experiencing side effects. The doctor will help you balance the benefits and risks of the medications you take.

If you begin to have more frequent flare-ups, it may be time to talk with your doctor about switching to a new medication. You might start by changing to a different version of the same drug, like going from an aminosalicylate (5-ASA) enema to a pill.

If your symptoms get worse, it’s time to talk with your doctor and consider switching to a stronger medication, such as a biologic or a short course of corticosteroids.

药物管理sympt并不是唯一的方法oms. Changing your diet could help, too.

Certain foods and drinks can aggravate UC symptoms. You might want to avoid or limit these foods and drinks if they bother you:

  • milk and other dairy products
  • coffee, tea, sodas, and other caffeinated products
  • alcohol
  • fruit and fruit juices
  • fried foods
  • high fat foods
  • spices
  • high fiber foods, including whole grain bread
  • cruciferous vegetables如白菜和西兰花
  • beans and other legumes
  • steak, burgers, and other red meats
  • popcorn
  • peanuts
  • artificial colors and sweeteners

Keeping a food diary can help you pinpoint which foods worsen your symptoms.

Most people with UC can manage their disease with medication alone. However, some people may need surgery because they’re not getting better or they have complications.

最常见的手术类型是患有肛门吻合的髂袋，也称为J-POIK手术。在此过程中，您的外科医生消除了您的结肠和直肠。他们还将创建一个内部袋子来收集您的浪费并允许排便。小袋可能需要时间才能习惯。

You may feel hesitant about undergoing surgery. The upside of removing the colon and rectum is that you’ll be “cured” and essentially freed from most symptoms. Since UC affects the immune system, symptoms that extend beyond the digestive system, such as joint pain or skin conditions, may recur after surgery.

If small intestine disease manifests following your surgery, your doctor may update your diagnosis to Crohn’s disease.

Treating UC can take some trial and error. Symptoms come and go, and the disease is more severe in some people than in others.

Schedule regular visits with your doctor to stay on top of your disease. In between visits, keep track of your symptoms and note what seems to trigger them.

The more you know about your disease and the closer you stick with your treatment, the greater your chances ofmanaging your UC.