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What are shin splints?
The term “shin splints” describes pain felt along the front of your小腿, at the shin bone. This pain concentrates in the lower leg between the膝盖和ankle。Your doctor may refer to the condition as medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS).
Shin splints frequently affect people who engage in moderate to heavy physical activity. You may be more likely to develop shin splints if you participate in strenuous physical activities or stop-start sports such as tennis, racquetball, soccer, or basketball.
有时，胫骨夹板的疼痛可能会非常激烈，你必须停止活动。
Shin splints is a cumulative stress disorder. Repeated pounding and stress on the bones,肌肉, and joints of the lower legs prevents your body from being able to naturally repair and restore itself.
Thepain与胫骨夹板相关联的胫骨上的过度力量和胫骨将胫骨连接到围绕它的肌肉。
The excessive force causes the muscles to胀和increases the pressure against the bone, leading to pain and炎。
Shin splints can also result from stress reactions to骨折。恒定的砰砰声会导致腿部骨骼中的微小裂缝。如果有时间休息，身体可以修复裂缝。
However, if the body doesn’t get time to rest, the tiny cracks can result in a complete fracture or a stress fracture.
各种活动和物理属性可以让您面临获得胫骨夹板的风险。危险因素包括：
- an anatomical abnormality (such asflat foot syndrome)
- muscle weakness在大腿或臀部
- lack of灵活性
- 不正当的训练技巧
- running downhill
- 跑在倾斜的表面或不均匀的地形上
- running on hard surfaces like concrete
- using inappropriate or worn-outshoes用于跑步或锻炼
- 参加有快速停止和开始的运动（如足球或下坡滑雪）
当你的腿部肌肉和肌腱累时，胫骨夹板也更有可能发生。妇女，有平脚或僵硬的拱门，运动员，军事新兵和舞者的人都会增加开发胫骨夹板的可能性。
People with shin splints will experience some of the following symptoms:
- a dull ache in the front part of the lower leg
- pain that develops during exercise
- pain on either side of the shin bone
- 肌肉疼痛
- 沿着小腿内部疼痛
- tenderness or soreness along the inner part of the lower leg
- 在小腿中肿胀（通常是温和的，如果存在）
- numbness脚下的弱点
See your doctor if your shin splints don’t respond to common treatment methods or if you’re experiencing any of the following symptoms:
- 在秋天或意外后，你的胫骨剧烈疼痛
- a shin that feels hot
- 一个明显肿胀的胫骨
- 即使你在休息时，你的胫骨疼痛
您的医生通常会在a期间诊断胫骨夹板体检。他们会询问您参加的身体活动类型，您追求它们的频率。
医生可以规定诊断测试，如成像扫描X射线if they suspect that you might be suffering from bone fractures or a condition other than shin splints.
家庭补救措施
Shin splints normally require that you take a break from certain physical activities and give your legs time to rest. The discomfort will usually resolve completely in a few hours or at most in a few days with rest and limited activity.
建议的停机量通常约为两周。在此期间，您可以从事体育或活动，这些活动不太可能对您的腿造成额外伤害。这些活动包括游泳或行走。
您的医生经常建议您执行以下操作：
- Keep your legs elevated.
- 采用ice packs减少肿胀。商店cold compresses。
- 拿过度反对的抗炎，例如布洛芬（Advil）或Naproxen钠(Aleve). Shop foribuprofen和Naproxen钠。
- 戴弹性压缩绷带。商店elastic compression bandages。
- 用一个foam roller按摩你的胫骨。商店foam rollers。
Check with your doctor before restarting any activities. Warming up before exercising is also a good way to make sure your legs aren’t sore.
手术
手术is rarely used to treat shin splints. However, if your shin splints are causing severe pain and symptoms last for more than several months, your doctor may recommend surgery.
这种手术被称为粉丝异教苗。在此程序中，您的医生将在围绕着小牛肌肉的筋膜组织中进行小剪裁。这可能潜在地缓解胫骨夹板引起的一些疼痛。
Steps you can take to avoid getting shin splints include:
- 穿着鞋子适合良好，提供良好的支持
- 使用减震鞋垫，您可以在亚马逊在线查找
- avoiding exercising on hard or slanted surfaces or uneven terrain
- 逐渐增加运动强度
- 在锻炼前热身
- making sure tostretchproperly
- 从事strength training, specifically toe exercises that build calf muscles
- 没有试图穿过痛苦
任何强化的运动计划都需要加强周围的肌肉群。锻炼应该有所不同，以避免过度使用和创伤到任何特定的肌肉组。
如果严重的肌肉疼痛或其他身体症状，您应该避免任何激烈的运动程。