肾脏病经常提出问题
What is a nephrologist?
Anephrologist是一名专门研究影响肾脏的疾病的医生。肾脏科医生是肾功能的专家，他们还研究肾脏疾病如何损害您身体的其他部位。
Your kidneys are involved in several important bodily functions, including:
- high-blood pressure management through the release of certain hormones
- 浪费和从血液中清除过多的液体
- mineral, water, and electrolyte balancing
Nephrologists diagnose and treat several conditions that affect your kidneys. They also get involved when other health factors contribute to kidney disease and dysfunction, such as:
- 自身免疫性疾病：一组免疫系统攻击身体的疾病
- blood in urine: an indication that you may have an infection, kidney disease, or cancer
- chronic kidney disease：对肾脏的逐渐和不可逆转的伤害
- 糖尿病: a disease that can damage your kidneys, nerves, and other organs
- glomerulonephritis: a life threatening inflammation of your kidneys’ internal structures
- 心脏疾病：一组严重的疾病，包括硬化或堵塞的动脉，肌肉减弱等等
- 高血压（HBP）: blood pressure that increases to unhealthy levels and can cause damage to your kidneys and other organs
- 肾癌：一种起源于肾脏或传播到肾脏的癌症
- 肾功能衰竭: loss of kidney functionality, which allows toxins to build up in your blood
- 肾结石: solid masses made of crystals form inside your kidneys and urinary tract
- 多囊肾: an inherited disorder that causes fluid-filled cysts to develop in your kidneys
- 肾动脉狭窄：向肾脏提供血液的动脉变窄
- nephrotic syndrome: excess protein in the urine due to kidney damage
Usually, your primary care physician will refer you to a nephrologist when they suspect you have kidney-related symptoms that a specialist knows how to treat. Some of the most common reasons for a visit to a nephrologist include chronic urinary tract infections or recurring kidney stones. However, you may need to visit a nephrologist more often if you have:
- 肾脏疾病的家族史
- chronic kidney disease
- 糖尿病
- 心脏疾病
- 高血压