腹上切除术(或大肠切除术)是一种主要手术,其中所有的大肠都被删除。这通常是通过在腹部制作大切口来除去冒号来完成的。
您的医疗保健团队may try other measures before moving to this step — but a colectomy may be needed to treat advanced stages of bowel disease.
Common conditions that could需要联合胶凝包括:
请继续阅读,以概述您是否需要完全腹部联合术。
究竟如何完成这种手术取决于:
- your overall condition
- 被删除了多少大肠
- 您可能拥有的其他条件
- 你的外科医生的偏好
术语“联合肌切离术”是指去除你的部分肠道,但是specific name你的手术可以取决于肠道的一部分被删除。以下是基于被删除的内容的几种联合术类型的名称:
类型 | Definition |
完全联络缪 | 整个结肠被移除。 |
Partial colectomy | 只删除了一部分结肠。 |
Hemicolectomy. | Only one side — the right or left — of the colon is removed. |
Total proctocolectomy | 结肠和直肠被移除,但肛门保持完整。 |
Abdominal perineal resection | 结肠结束 - 锡形结肠 - 与直肠和肛门一起去除。 |
Segmental resection | 只移除肠道的一小部分。 |
低前切除术 | The uppermost part of the rectum is removed. |
sigmoidectomy. | 结肠 - 锡形结肠的最低部分 - 被除去。 |
The actual type of surgery you will have depends on your overall health and how much of your bowel is being removed. There are two types of procedures used to perform a colectomy:
- 全部的
- 腹腔镜
总开放的腹部联合膜
With a total abdominal colectomy, a surgeon makes an incision down the middle of your abdomen to gain access to your large intestine. The diseased or damaged part of your large intestine will be removed.
At this point, the surgeon may have several options that they will discuss with you before the procedure.
如果可能,大肠(结肠)的剩余末端将被缝合在一起以形成吻合术。即使预先计划,这并不总是可能的。广泛的组织损伤或其他并发症可能需要您的医生为您创造新的方式,让您在手术后摆脱废物。
腹腔镜腹腔脱节术
This surgery may be used if you have smaller areas of damage. With this procedure, the surgeon makes a small incision in your abdomen and inserts a light, camera, and other operating tools to see the surgical area without making a large opening to remove smaller pieces of tissue.
在某些情况下,外科医生可以规划腹腔镜程序,但如果:
- there is a larger area of damage than originally determined
- there are other complications that require open surgery
As with any surgery, there are risks to having an abdominal colectomy, such as bleeding or poor wound healing.
在大多数情况下,这种手术是治疗或治愈可能导致您疾病恶化,传播或甚至致命的病症所必需的。
在您计划拥有这款手术之前与医生或外科医生谈谈,以确保您在风险上清楚,并且在手术期间可能在手术期间做好准备,以便在手术开始后可能发现的任何意外并发症。
In the months before your procedure, you may have received a new diagnosis or ongoing care for a chronic condition that affects your大肠。
可以向您提供其他治疗或药物。但是,如果讨论转向手术,机会是替代治疗方法不足以解决您的状况或让您拥有您满意的生活质量。
一旦你决定进行手术,你的医疗保健团队将订购一些测试,以确保您健康到足够的手术。
这些测试将看看您的胃肠道健康以及您的呼吸和心脏健康,以确定您是否能够安全地进行全身麻醉。This is an important step to try and help you avoid dangerous complications.
As your surgery date approaches, you will receive specific instructions on when to arrive at the hospital and what to do when you get there.
您的doctor may provide a suggestive estimate on how much time you should plan to spend in the hospital and stay home from work after your surgery. You may need to spend anywhere from 2 weeks to several months recovering, but these time frames depend a lot on how well you heal and whether you experience any surgical complications.
What happens after your surgery depends on whether you had open or laparoscopic surgery and whether there were any complications.
在大多数情况下,您应该准备在手术后3至7天留在医院。
前24小时
For the first day after surgery, you will be monitored closely for signs of complications from the surgery or anesthesia.
您还将首先给予止痛药和静脉内液体,但您可能能够在手术后第二天消耗清除液体。
前几个星期
当您从医院出院时,您将根据您的个人需求和条件回家或恢复康复设施。
腹腔镜手术可能允许您更快地愈合,但您应该准备好限制您的活动,并使某些生活方式更改几周,无论您拥有哪种类型的手术。
最多腹部手术,医生会建议你:
- 限制您的活动
- 从短时间开始,逐渐增加你的距离
- 手术后6周不要抬起比10磅更重的东西
- 手术后不要驾驶2周或只要您服用处方止痛药
他们还将根据所做的程序类型和您可能拥有的任何并发症的程序来指导您的伤口和切割。
如果您在浪费将出现新的ostomy,您还将获得专业教育。该教育将审查:
- 如何关心骚乱
- 您可能需要做什么生活方式改变
- 如果您遇到任何问题或并发症,请致电医生
前几个月
在手术后的几个月里,您的医疗保健团队将监控您的治疗并检查,以确保您的肠子运作良好。
如果您没有并发症,并且没有计划任何其他额外的手术,则应能够在4到6周后重返工作岗位和典型活动。
Follow-up appointments
您的后续护理取决于:
- 你拥有的手术类型
- 什么被删除了
- whether you had any complications
You may also have follow-up appointments with several types of specialists, such as a gastrointestinal (GI) doctor. These specialists can monitor specific health issues and provide guidance on how to take care of yourself following these major changes in your bowels.
经过一个脱节术后,您可能需要做出一些生活方式的变化。这将包括您的初始活动水平,并学习照顾您的气孔和ostomy.如果你有它们,例如穿着造口袋。
饮食和您的消化将是这些变化的重要组成部分。通过去除你的肠子的一部分,你在消化过程中取出了几个步骤。它是普遍的腹泻, or loose stool, for weeks or even months after your surgery.
您的医生将规定您需要的饮食,以帮助解决这些症状,包括:
- 一种高纤维饮食
- 适当的水合
- 营养补充剂
- 避免某些食物
任何手术都会发生许多副作用,但腹腔手术尤其复杂。
当肠道运行时,涉及许多额外风险。泄漏和伤口封闭件可引起粪便和其他流体,使其进入它们不属于的地方,可能导致严重的感染。
联合膜层后最常见的并发症包括:
- bleeding
- 血块
- infection
- 疝
- scar tissue or粘附formation
- 伤口闭合或外科切口的开口(裂开的)
- 肠梗阻
- leaking or infection of the colostomy
与医生谈论您的个人健康风险以及在手术前可以做的任何事情,以降低您的并发症风险。
A colectomy is a major surgery where part — or all — of your large intestine is removed.
You may be able to have a less invasive laparoscopic surgery if only small pieces of intestine are removed, but open surgery is required when a significant portion or multiple parts of the digestive tract are taken out.
腹部手术后愈合可以缓慢,你可能必须学会用不同的吃,照顾造口术。计划您的恢复需要几周到几个月,并与您的医生谈论在您的个人健康期间的期望。