Overview

Burnout is a state of mental and physical exhaustion that can zap the joy out of your career, friendships, and family interactions. Continual exposure to stressful situations, like caring for an ill family member, working long hours, or witnessing upsetting news related to politics and school safety can lead to this stress condition.

Burnout, however, isn’t always easy to spot. With that in mind, we’ve put together a guide to help you identify the signs of burnout, as well as ways to prevent it.

有兴趣帮助可能会经历这种压力状态的朋友,家人或同事吗?我们还包括我们最喜欢的倦怠干预提示和技巧列表。

由心理学家创造,赫伯特弗雷丁苯伯格在20世纪70年代,Burnout描述了严重的压力条件,导致严重的身体,心理和情绪疲惫。

比普通疲劳更糟糕,倦怠使人们挑战cope with stress并处理日常责任。

经历倦怠的人经常觉得他们没有什么可以给予,并且每天早上可能害怕起床。他们甚至可能对生活进行悲观观,并感到绝望。

Burnout doesn’t go away on its own and, if left untreated, it can lead to serious physical and psychological illnesses like depression, heart disease, and diabetes.

Anyone who’s continually exposed to high levels of stress can experience burnout. Helping professionals, such as first responders,医生,护士尤其容易受到这种健康状况的影响。

随着职业生涯诱发的倦怠, peoplecaring for children也可以有这种极端疲惫。最近study发现,就像医生和商业主管一样,母亲和父亲也可以烧掉。

Personality characteristics like needing to be in control, perfectionism, and being “Type A” can also increase your risk of burnout.

Worried that you may be experiencing burnout but unsure of the signs? We’ve compiled a list of symptoms that you can use as a guide.

  • Exhaustion.在身体上和情感上耗尽。身体症状可能包括头痛,胃痛和食欲或睡眠变化。
  • 隔离。有倦怠的人往往会感到不堪重负。因此,他们可能会停止社交和融合在朋友,家庭成员和同事。
  • 逃避幻想。对他们的工作的永无止境的要求不满意,倦怠的人可能会幻想逃跑或正在上级假期。在极端情况下,他们可能会转向毒品,酒精或食物,以便麻木他们的情绪痛苦。
  • 易怒。Burnout可能会让人们更容易地失去与朋友,同事和家庭成员酷。应对正常的压力师,如准备工作会议,驾驶孩子们到学校,以及倾向于家庭任务也可能开始感到不可逾越,特别是当事情不按计划进行时。
  • Frequent illnesses.与其他长期应激一样倦怠,可以降低免疫系统,使您更容易感冒,流感和失眠。倦怠也可能导致心理健康的担忧,如抑郁和焦虑。

与感冒或流感不同,倦怠不会立即击中。

Psychologists Herbert Freudenberger and Gail North have outlined the 12 phases of this stress syndrome:

  1. Excessive drive/ambition.常见的人开创新工作或进行小说任务,太多的野心会导致倦怠。
  2. 推动自己更加努力。Ambition pushes you to work harder.
  3. 忽视自己的需求。你开始牺牲自我照顾,如睡眠,运动和吃得很好。
  4. Displacement of conflict.Instead of acknowledging that you’re pushing yourself to the max, you blame your boss, the demands of your job, or colleagues for your troubles.
  5. 没有时间与非工作相关的需求。你开始退出家人和朋友。缔约方,电影和晚餐日期的社会邀请开始感到繁重,而不是愉快。
  6. 否认。与你周围的人累不差。你责备别人,而不是对你的行为负责,而是将他们视为无能,懒惰和霸道。
  7. 退出。你开始退出家人和朋友。缔约方,电影和晚餐日期的社会邀请开始感到繁重,而不是愉快。
  8. Behavioral changes.那些在倦怠之路上的人可能会因无缘无故而变得更加积极和快乐。
  9. 代评组化。感到脱离你的生活和控制你生活的能力。
  10. 内在的空虚或焦虑。感到空虚或焦虑。您可以转向刺激寻求行为以应对这种情绪,例如物质使用,赌博或暴饮暴食。
  11. 沮丧。生活失去了它的意义,你开始感到绝望。
  12. 精神或身体崩溃。This can impact your ability to cope. Mental health or medical attention may be necessary.

Stress may be unavoidable, but burnout is preventable. Following these steps may help you thwart stress from getting the best of you:

锻炼

Not only is exercise good for our physical health, but it can also give us an emotional boost.

Stretched for time? You don’t need to spend hours at the gym to reap these benefits.迷你锻炼散步短路是锻炼日常习惯的便利方式。

Eat a balanced diet

Eating a healthy diet filled with omega-3 fatty acidscan be一种天然的抗抑郁药。添加富含欧米茄3S的食物像亚麻籽油,核桃和鱼类可能有助于让你的心情提升。

练习良好的睡眠习惯

我们的身体需要时间休息和重置,这就是为什么健康的睡眠习惯对于我们的福祉至关重要。

根据这一点National Sleep Foundation,睡前避免咖啡因,建立放松的睡前仪式,并禁止卧室的智能手机可以帮助促进声音睡眠卫生。

请求帮忙

During stressful times, it’s important to reach out for help. If asking for assistance feels difficult, consider developing a self-care “check-in” with close friends and family members so that you can take care of each other during trying times.

你怎么能帮助遇到倦怠的人?虽然你不能带走某人的压力,但提供支持可以帮助减轻他们的情绪负荷。

在跳入“修复”模式之前,提议要听取您的朋友或家庭成员的困难。

有人交谈可以让一个不同的世界。人们经常需要有人见证他们的压力和痛苦,听力可以走很长的路。

验证感受和关注

当朋友和家人感到倦怠的影响时,说它听起来不好要么我相信事情会变得更好 -while meant to offer reassurance — can feel invalidating if someone is really feeling low and hopeless.

相反,通过说,“你一直在努力工作,我可以理解为什么感到枯竭。”

Offer specific types of help

被烧毁的个人往往太累了,无法想到其他人可以帮助他们的方式。而不是问,“我怎么能帮忙?”提供折叠饭,拿起干洗,或者搭配衣物。

善意的手势

发送鲜花,周到的短信或书面卡可以提醒朋友和家人,他们并不孤单。

Because they’re often working long hours, people with burnout can feel lonely and underappreciated. But small gestures of kindness can be nurturing.

研究资源

如果朋友或家人需要额外的支持,就像儿童保育,房屋清洁或心理治疗师一样,为特定资源提供研究和人群,以帮助缓解压力。

Being exposed to continual stress can cause us to burnout. Feelings of exhaustion, anxiety, and isolating from friends and family members can be some of the signs. However, eating a balanced diet, regular exercise, and getting a good night’s sleep may prevent this stressed state.

担心可能被烧毁的朋友和家人?倾听他们的担忧,验证他们的情绪,提供特定类型的支持可以帮助减轻负荷。

通过制作日常生活的自我保健部分,可以避免倦怠。即使你工作长时间,学习考试或照顾幼儿,记得每天都会撒上一些快乐。

尝试去散步,和朋友聊天,或在电视上看一个愉快的程序。像这样的小自我保健手势可以阻止压力变成更严重的东西,如倦怠。


朱里碎片is a licensed psychologist based in San Francisco, California. She graduated with a PsyD from University of Northern Colorado and attended a postdoctoral fellowship at UC Berkeley. Passionate about women’s health, she approaches all her sessions with warmth, honesty, and compassion. See what she’s up to on推特