华法林是一种医疗保健专业人员可以为具有某些健康状况或风险的人开的药物。
您可以采取一些步骤，以帮助使华法林尽可能有效。尽管没有特定的“华法林饮食”，但某些食物和饮料可以使华法林的效果降低。
在本文中，我们将：
- 告诉您您吃的食物如何影响您的华法林的运转效果
- give you an idea of which foods to avoid
- tell you other important information about warfarin
华法林is an anticoagulant, orblood thinner. A healthcare professional may prescribe it to:
- 以前经历过心脏病的人
- those with an irregular heartbeat
- people with mechanical heart valves
也用于预防血栓的形成in your blood vessels. In addition, it treats blood clots if they do form by preventing them from getting larger.
When clots are smaller, they’re more likely to dissolve on their own. If blood clots are not treated, they can lead to stroke, heart attack, or other serious conditions.
华法林interferes with the way a certain clotting factor helps your blood to clot. A clotting factor is a substance that helps the blood clump together to form a clot. There are
华法林干扰的凝血因子的类型称为维生素K依赖性凝血因子。华法林通过减少amount of vitamin K在你的体内。没有足够的维生素K使用，维生素K依赖性的凝血因子无法像通常一样帮助您的血液凝结。
您的身体生产维生素K，但它也从您吃的某些食物中获取。您可以帮助华法林做得最好的一种方法是避免使用食物所获得的维生素K量的重大变化。
华法林之所以起作用，是因为您通常在体内具有一致的维生素K水平。如果您更改您通过食物的维生素K的量，它可以改变体内的维生素K水平。这可能会影响华法林如何为您服务。
If you suddenly start eating foods that have more vitamin K while you take warfarin, you may make warfarin less effective. If you suddenly start eating foods that have less vitamin K while you take warfarin, you may increase your chances of side effects from warfarin.
富含维生素K的食物包括绿叶蔬菜。这些可能会使华法林的效果降低。示例包括：
- 羽衣甘蓝
- 菠菜
- brussels sprouts
- parsley
- collard greens
- mustard greens
- endive
- 红卷心菜
- 绿色生菜
- chard
You should also avoid drinking:
- green tea
- grapefruit juice
- cranberry juice
- alcohol
绿茶含有维生素K，可以降低华法林的有效性。华法林治疗期间喝葡萄柚汁，酸果莓汁和酒精会增加出血的风险。
There are a variety of foods that are low in vitamin K that can help you create and enjoy a well-balanced diet.
一些蔬菜和水果含量低包括:
- 甜玉米
- onions
- 壁球
- 茄子
- 番茄
- 蘑菇
- sweet potatoes
- 黄瓜（RAW）
- 朝鲜蓟
- 草莓
- 苹果
- peaches
- watermelon
- 菠萝
- bananas
有关含有维生素K的食物的全面清单，请访问美国农业部
食物以外的其他物质也会影响华法林的工作原理。这种效果称为相互作用。有时，这些相互作用会增加华法林副作用的风险。
While you take warfarin, your doctor will check your blood regularly to see how well the drug is working for you.
互动
Certain medications, supplements, and herbal products can affect how well warfarin works. Tell your doctor all the medications you’re taking before you start taking warfarin.
Some medications that can interact with warfarin include:
- antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin orfluconazole
- 某些避孕药
- 癫痫发作的某些药物
- 抗炎药，例如ibuprofen
- antidepressants such as氟西汀
- 其他血液稀释剂，例如阿司匹林，clopidogrel, orheparin
- 某些抗酸剂
Supplements and herbal products that can interact with warfarin include:
副作用
与食物，药物和其他物质的相互作用也可以增加华法林副作用的风险。华法林最常见的副作用包括：
- allergic reactions
- gastrointestinal disorders
- rash
- 脱发
- itchy skin
- 发冷
- inflammation of your blood vessels
- 肝或者gall bladder disorders
华法林的一些严重副作用可能包括伤口过多的出血和皮肤组织死亡。这是由小血块引起的，该血块阻断了氧气流向您的皮肤。脚趾疼痛可能是皮肤死亡的症状。
经常检查您的脚趾，尤其是如果您感到不适，并在疼痛时尽快与医生联系。
Your international normalized ratio (INR) is found via a blood test called the prothrombin time test. This is a number that your healthcare professional will monitor if you’re taking warfarin to see how quickly your blood clots.
The normal range varies from person to person, but for those taking a blood thinner, your INR number should be between2和3.
To help keep your INR in this range, it’s important to:
- Follow your doctor’s recommendations and take your medication as prescribed. Also, make sure your doctor is aware of all the medications you’re currently taking.
- Keep track of the amount of vitamin K you consume. Don’t suddenly increase or decrease the amount of vitamin K-rich foods or drinks you eat or drink.
- Avoid trying a new diet or taking a new herbal product or supplement. Always speak with your doctor before incorporating something new into your diet.
您应该始终尝试养成食用富含营养的食物的习惯，但是要注意饮食以及服用华法林时饮食量尤为重要。
以下经验规则可以帮助您确保华法林为您提供最佳状态：
- 不要对饮食进行任何重大改变，尤其是在富含维生素K的食物中。
- 避免绿茶，蔓越莓汁，葡萄柚汁和酒精。
- Tell your doctor about other medications, supplements, and herbal products you take.
遵循这些技巧可以帮助您避免互动并保持营养水平一致。这可以帮助使华法林尽可能有效，并有助于降低副作用的风险。
