在每个肩膀内部都是一个微小的流体填充的囊，称为Bursa。Bursae有助于减少关节中骨骼之间的摩擦。如果肩膀中的Bursa变得发炎，它会导致称为肩膀囊炎的病症。
原因可包括导致关节炎症的损伤，过度使用或医疗条件，例如rheumatoid arthritis. Shoulder bursitis is also known as “subacromial bursitis.” It can be treated in a variety ways, both at home and in a doctor’s office.
The shoulder bursa acts as a cushion for a tendon in your rotator cuff that connects bone to bone. If you have bursitis, certain movements of your shoulder and the tendon can cause significant pain and discomfort. The pain can vary based on your specific injury. However, some of the more common symptoms ofbursitisare:
- 躺在肩膀上时不适
- 在肩膀的外面或顶部疼痛
- pain that gets worse when you lift your arm to the side
- pain when pushing on or opening a door
- 试图“圈出”你的手臂时疼痛
- 推动肩膀顶部时的压力和疼痛
Some people are at higher risk for shoulder bursitis because they use their shoulders more than others. Examples of those who are more prone to bursitis include:
- carpenters
- 音乐家
- 运动员
- 园丁
However, anyone can injure their shoulder and develop bursitis.
因为破碎炎往往是由于炎症，因为你的肩膀足够的时间休息可以往往有助于减少症状。有助于减少囊炎症状的一些at-home步骤的例子包括：
Rest the shoulder
避免您知道往往恶化的活动可以帮助减少症状。通常，这是职业或常旅口的活动。
非处方止痛药
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are especially helpful in reducing inflammation. These include:
- ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)
- naproxen sodium (Aleve)
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) may also help relieve the pain.
Apply an ice pack to the affected area
冰和你的皮肤之间总是有一些保护性覆盖物。穿着冷敷一次只有10到15分钟。
穿着shoulder brace
肩部支撑可以帮助提醒休息手臂并继续做太多。这些可在大多数药店提供，尽管您可能需要一个物理治疗师或医生来向您展示如何正确佩戴它。
Perform gentle stretching activities
但不要伸展到极度疼痛或不适的程度。
These exercises can be performed two to three times a day to stretch your shoulder muscles, which may help to reduce tension.
Posterior stretch
- While sitting or standing, bring your arm across your body, placing your hand on the back of the opposite shoulder.
- Use your other hand to press on the back of the elbow to deepen the stretch, feeling the stretch across the back of your shoulder.
- Hold this position for 15 to 30 seconds. Repeat 2 to 4 times.
- 在对面执行伸展。
Shoulder blade squeeze
- Stand or sit with your arms at your sides. Pull your shoulder back, imagining you are making your shoulder blades touch. Keep your shoulders down as you perform the exercise to feel a greater stretch for the front of the shoulders.
- Hold this position for 6 seconds.
- Repeat the exercise between 6 and 8 times.
肩胛骨叶片运动范围
- Lift your shoulders up as if you are shrugging them, holding the position for 5 seconds. Lower the shoulders.
- 向下移动肩膀，感受肩部的伸展。保持这个位置5秒钟。
- 向后旋转肩部以向后旋转5个圆圈。通过向前旋转肩部停止并重复。
皮质类固醇和止痛药
如果在家庭治疗不效，您的医生可能会规定更强的止痛药。然而，这些不会治愈破碎炎的潜在原因。
Another option is corticosteroid injections around the bursa. However, you can only have a limited number of these injections because they increase the likelihood that you could rupture your tendon.
Surgery
In rare instances, your doctor may recommend surgery for bursitis. Your doctor usually doesn’t recommend surgery as a treatment unless you have been experiencing problems with little relief for 6 to 12 months.
如果你需要手术，你的医生很可能会关节诊断。这意味着它们会在皮肤中制作小切口，并插入手术器械以消除可能压制或刺激布沙的损坏区域。
有时，医生将删除Bursa以为肌腱创造更多空间。通常，建议使用物理治疗来加强恢复。
破碎炎通常是慢性病的，这意味着过度使用往往会引发症状。您可以识别与毛囊炎相关的触发器，例如将肩部肌肉变得太努力。
By finding the appropriate activity level, you may be able to reduce the symptoms of bursitis while staying active. However, sometimes only surgery can fully fix the underlying cause associated with bursitis.