什么是子宫脱垂？

子宫（子宫）是骨盆肌肉和韧带固定在适当的肌肉结构。如果这些肌肉或韧带伸展或变得虚弱，它们将不再能够支撑子宫，从而导致脱垂。

子宫脱垂发生时，子宫从正常位置下垂或滑入阴道（出生管）时就会发生。

子宫脱垂可能不完整或完整。当子宫仅部分下降到阴道时，就会发生不完全的脱垂。当子宫落下到远处，某些组织在阴道外突出时，就会发生完全的脱垂。

Women who have a minor uterine prolapse may not have any symptoms. Moderate to severe prolapse may cause symptoms, such as:

  • 你坐在球上的感觉
  • 阴道出血
  • 增加释放
  • problems with sexual intercourse
  • 子宫或子宫颈从阴道突出
  • 骨盆中的拉动或沉重的感觉
  • 便秘or difficulty passing stool
  • 再次发生的膀胱感染或难以清空膀胱

如果您出现这些症状，则应该看到医生并立即接受治疗。没有适当的注意，这种情况会损害您的肠子，膀胱和性功能。

有脱出的风险uterus increases as a woman ages and her estrogen levels decrease. Estrogen is the hormone that helps keep the pelvic muscles strong. Damage to pelvic muscles and tissues during pregnancy and childbirth may also lead to prolapse. Women who’ve had more than one vaginal birth or are绝经后处于最高风险。

任何对骨盆肌肉施加压力的活动都可以增加子宫脱垂的风险。其他可能增加病情风险的因素包括：

您的医生可以通过评估症状并执行症状来诊断子宫脱垂骨盆检查。在此考试期间，您的医生将插入一种称为窥镜的设备，该设备使他们可以看到阴道内部并检查阴道和子宫。您可能正在躺下，或者您的医生可能要求您在这次考试中站起来。

您的医生可能会要求您忍受，好像您要排便以确定脱垂的程度。

对于这种情况，治疗并不总是必要的。如果脱垂很严重，请与您的医生讨论适合您的治疗选择。

Nonsurgical treatments include:

  • 减肥以减轻骨盆结构
  • 避免举重
  • doingKegel exercises, which are pelvic floor exercises that help strengthen the vaginal muscles
  • wearing a pessary, which is a device inserted into the vagina that fits under the cervix and helps push up and stabilize the uterus and cervix

阴道雌激素的使用已得到充分研究，并显示出阴道组织再生和强度的改善。虽然使用阴道雌激素来帮助增加其他治疗选择可能会有所帮助，但它本身并没有扭转脱垂的存在。

手术治疗包括子宫悬浮液或子宫切除术。During uterine suspension, your surgeon places the uterus back into its original position by reattaching pelvic ligaments or using surgical materials. During a hysterectomy, your surgeon removes the uterus from the body through the abdomen or the vagina.

手术通常是有效的，但不建议计划生孩子的妇女。怀孕和分娩会给骨盆肌肉带来巨大的压力，这可以消除子宫手术修复。

Uterine prolapse may not be preventable in every situation. However, you can do several things to reduce your risk, including:

  • 定期体育锻炼
  • 保持健康的体重
  • 练习凯格尔练习
  • seeking treatment for things that increase your amount of pressure in the pelvis, including chronic constipation or cough