DTAP是一种保护儿童免受细菌引起的三种严重传染病的疫苗：白喉（D），破伤风（T）和百日咳（AP）。

白喉is caused by the bacterium白喉杆菌。该细菌产生的毒素可能使呼吸和吞咽困难，也可能损害其他器官，例如肾脏和心脏。

Tetanusis caused by the bacteriumClostridium tetani，生活在土壤中，可以通过割伤和燃烧进入身体。细菌产生的毒素会导致严重的肌肉痉挛，这会影响呼吸和心脏功能。

百日咳, or whooping cough, is caused by the bacteriumBordetella百日咳，并且非常具有传染性。婴儿和百日咳咳嗽的婴儿和儿童无法控制地呼吸困难。

还有另外两种疫苗可预防这些传染病 - TDAP疫苗和DTP疫苗。

TDAP

的TDAP疫苗contains lower quantities of the diphtheria and pertussis components than the DTaP vaccine. The lower-case letters “d” and “p” in the vaccine name indicate this.

的TDAP疫苗is received in one dose. It’s recommended for the following groups:

  • people 11 years and older who’ve not yet received the Tdap vaccine
  • pregnant women in their third trimester
  • 成年人将在12个月以下的婴儿周围附近

DTP

DTP或DTWP疫苗包含整个准备的准备B. pertussisbacterium (wP). These vaccines were associated with various adverse side effects, including:

  • 注射部位发红或肿胀
  • fever
  • 搅动或烦躁

由于这些副作用，纯化的疫苗B. pertussiscomponent were developed (aP). This is what’s used in the DTaP and Tdap vaccines. Adverse reactions for these vaccines are 不太频繁 than those for DTP, which is no longer available in the United States.

DTAP疫苗以五剂给药。孩子们应该在2个月大时接受第一剂。

的four remaining doses of DTaP (boosters) should be given at the following ages:

  • 4个月
  • 6个月
  • 在15到18个月之间
  • between 4 and 6 years old

的common side effects of DTaP vaccination include:

  • 注射部位发红或肿胀
  • 注射现场的温柔
  • fever
  • 烦躁或烦恼
  • 疲倦
  • 食欲不振

通过给孩子，您可以帮助减轻DTAP免疫后的疼痛或发烧对乙酰氨基酚或布洛芬，但是请务必与孩子的医生联系以找出适当的剂量。

You can also apply a warm, damp cloth to the injection site to help ease soreness.

如果您的孩子在DTAP免疫后经历以下任何事情，请致电您的孩子的医生：

  • 发烧105°F（40.5°C）
  • uncontrolled crying for three or more hours
  • 癫痫发作
  • 严重的迹象allergic reaction, which can include hives, difficulty breathing, and swelling of the face or throat

In some cases, a child either shouldn’t receive the DTaP vaccine or should wait to receive it. You should let your doctor know if your child has had:

  • a serious reaction following a previous dose of DTaP, which can include seizures, or severe pain or swelling
  • any nervous system problems, including history of seizures
  • 免疫系统障碍称为Guillain-Barré综合征

Your doctor may decide to postpone vaccination until another visit or to give your child an alternative vaccine that contains only a diphtheria and tetanus component (DT vaccine).

如果您的孩子患有轻度疾病，例如寒冷的. However, if your child has a moderate or severe illness, immunization should be postponed until they have recovered.

DTAP疫苗仅用于婴儿和幼儿。孕妇不应该接受DTAP疫苗。

However, the CDC 推荐 那个孕妇在每个怀孕的三个月中接受TDAP疫苗。

这是因为婴儿直到2个月大之前才收到第一次剂量的DTAP，这使他们容易在头两个月内捕获像百日咳这样的潜在严重疾病。

在三个月接受TDAP疫苗的妇女可以将抗体传递给未出生的孩子。这可以帮助保护婴儿出生后。

DTAP疫苗以五种剂量给予婴儿和幼儿，并防止三种传染病：白喉，破伤风和百日咳。婴儿应在2个月大时接受第一剂。

TDAP疫苗可预防相同的三种疾病，通常作为一次性助推器给11岁及以上的人。

Women who are pregnant should also plan to receive a Tdap booster during the third trimester of pregnancy. This can help protect your child against diseases like pertussis in the period before their first DTaP vaccination.