What are the symptoms of a common cold?
Common cold symptoms appear about one to three days after the body becomes infected with a cold virus. The short period before symptoms appear is called the “incubation” period. Symptoms are frequently gone in
流鼻或鼻塞（鼻塞）是感冒的两个最常见症状。当过量的液体导致鼻子内的血管和粘膜肿胀时，这些症状会产生。在三天内，鼻腔排出倾向于变厚，黄色或绿色。根据疾病控制与预防中心（CDC），这些类型的鼻腔排出是正常的。感冒的人也可能有鼻后滴落，粘液从鼻子向下传播到喉咙。
这些鼻腔症状很常见。但是，如果您的医生持续了10天以上，请致电黄色/绿色鼻腔排出，或严重的头痛或鼻窦疼痛，因为您可能已经患上鼻窦感染（称为鼻窦炎）。
打喷嚏is triggered when the mucous membranes of the nose and throat are irritated. When a cold virus infects nasal cells, the body releases its own natural inflammatory mediators, such as histamine. When released, inflammatory mediators cause the blood vessels to dilate and leak, and the mucus glands secrete fluid. This leads to the irritation that causes sneezing.
A dry cough or one that brings up mucus, known as a wet or productive cough, can accompany a cold. Coughs tend to be the last cold-related symptom to go away and they can last from one to three weeks. Contact your doctor if coughing lasts several days.
如果您有以下任何与咳嗽有关的症状，也应该与医生联系：
- 咳嗽伴有鲜血
- 咳嗽伴随着黄色或绿色粘液，浓密且闻起来不好
- a severe cough that comes on suddenly
- 患有心脏病或腿肿胀的人的咳嗽
- 你躺下时恶化的咳嗽
- 当您呼吸时，咳嗽伴随着大声的声音
- a cough accompanied by fever
- 咳嗽伴随着夜间出汗或突然减肥
- 不到3个月大的孩子咳嗽
喉咙痛会感到干燥，发痒和挠痒，使吞咽疼痛，甚至可以使食用固体食物变得困难。喉咙痛可能是由冷病毒引起的发炎组织引起的。这也可能是由于鼻后滴水，甚至是像长时间暴露于炎热干燥的环境一样简单的东西。
A low-grade fever may occur in those with a common cold. If you or your child (6 weeks and older) has a fever of 100.4°F or higher, contact your doctor. If your child is younger than 3 months and has a fever of any kind, the
患有普通感冒的人可能出现的其他症状包括水性眼睛和轻度疲劳。
In most cases, symptoms of the common cold are not cause for concern and can be treated with fluids and rest. But colds are not to be taken lightly in infants, older adults, and those with chronic health conditions. A common cold can even be fatal to the most vulnerable members of society if it turns into a serious chest infection like bronchiolitis, caused by the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).
Adults
有了普通的感冒，您不太可能会出现高烧或因疲劳而被隔离。这些是通常与流感相关的症状。因此，如果您有：
- 持续超过10天的冷症状
- fever of 100.4°F or higher
- 发烧，出汗，发冷或咳嗽会产生粘液
- severely swollen lymph nodes
- sinus pain that is severe
- ear pain
- chest pain
- 呼吸困难或呼吸急促
Children
如果您的孩子，请立即查看您的孩子的儿科医生：
- 不到6周，发烧100°F或更高
- 6周或更早，发烧101.4°F或更高
- 发烧持续了三天以上
- has cold symptoms (of any type) that have lasted for more than 10 days
- 是呕吐或腹痛
- 呼吸困难还是正在喘气
- has a stiff neck or severe headache
- 不喝酒，小便比平时少
- 吞咽困难或流口水比平时更多
- 抱怨耳痛
- 有持续的咳嗽
- is crying more than usual
- seems unusually sleepy or irritable
- has a blue or gray tint to their skin, especially around the lips, nose, and fingernails
