The symptoms of diabetes can appear fairly early, but you may not always recognize them as diabetes symptoms.

Knowing what signs to look for and what they might mean can help you recognize early indications of diabetes and get medical evaluation and treatment sooner.

本文将介绍要注意的糖尿病以及何时与医生联系的症状和症状。

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Illustration by Alyssa Kiefer

当您体内的血糖水平显着升高时,可能会出现糖尿病症状。在早期的糖尿病中,可能没有任何症状,或者可能非常温和。糖尿病最常见的早期症状包括:

  • 口渴增加
  • 增加d hunger
  • excessive fatigue
  • 排尿增加,尤其是在晚上
  • 口干

Symptoms can vary from one person to the next. They also depend on which type of diabetes you have.

早期的迹象associated with type 1 diabetes

Symptoms of type 1 diabetes tend to begin abruptly and dramatically. Type 1 diabetes is most often seen in children, adolescents, and young adults.

However, type 1 diabetes can develop at any age. In addition to the symptoms listed above, people with type 1 diabetes may notice quick and sudden weight loss.

早期的迹象associated with type 2 diabetes

2型糖尿病是最常见的类型。尽管它主要是在成年人中发展的,但它开始在年轻人中更频繁地出现。2型糖尿病的危险因素包括:

  • being overweight
  • 久坐
  • 有2型糖尿病的家族史

Many people with type 2 diabetes don’t experience any症状。Sometimes, these symptoms are slow to develop.

糖尿病的症状似乎无害,尤其是在早期。糖尿病的最常见症状,例如持续的口渴和疲劳,通常是模糊的,似乎每天的症状并不是很明显。

如果您经历了以下症状或多种症状,则应与医生谈论糖尿病的筛查:

If you’re concerned about diabetes, talk with a doctor about any symptoms you may be experiencing.

即使你的糖尿病的症状是minor, it’s important that your diabetes be treated. Untreated diabetes can be very dangerous.

与您的医生讨论有关您的情况的最佳治疗计划,并警告您应该意识到的经过治疗不足的糖尿病。

未经治疗的糖尿病可能导致各种问题,包括:

  • 脚条件
  • nerve damage
  • 受损的血管
  • protein in your urine
  • problems with pancreas functioning
  • 肾脏状况
  • 排尿过多
  • gastroparesis,导致胃灼热和恶心
  • 增加d risk of heart disease
  • higher risk of infections
  • 白内障青光眼
  • 中风的风险增加

Complications can occur with diabetes if it’s not treated or if it’s undertreated. If your overall health is not managed, this can also increase your risk of complications. Diabetes does增加发展其他健康状况的风险,其中一些可能是严重的。

You can help reduce the risk of diabetes complications by following your treatment plan and adopting the lifestyle changes that your doctor recommends.

酮症酸中毒

If your blood sugar levels become too high, you may develop 酮症酸中毒 。This is more common in people who have type 1 diabetes.

患有2型糖尿病的人由于仍在产生胰岛素而患酮症酸中毒的可能性较小。这种并发症可能很快发生,被认为是医疗紧急情况。

酮症酸中毒可能导致:

  • 深呼吸
  • 恶心或呕吐
  • stomach pain
  • 冲洗肤色
  • 混乱
  • 水果味的呼吸
  • coma

慢性高血糖

随着时间的流逝,由于慢性血糖水平,并发症可能发展。这些包括:

Hypoglycemia

如果您正在服用增加体内胰岛素水平的药物,则可能有急性并发症的风险 hypoglycemia 或低血糖。有了低血糖,您可能会遇到:

  • 晕倒
  • 心跳加速
  • 出汗
  • dizziness and trembling
  • 混乱
  • 焦虑
  • drowsiness
  • 意识丧失

Treating hypoglycemia quickly is important. Talk with your doctor to learn what to do if you are at risk for hypoglycemia.

如果您患有糖尿病症状,则应与医生预约。预约时,请询问医生是否需要做任何准备才能为预约做准备。

例如,医生可能想执行禁食血糖测试,这将要求您在约会前8小时不吃任何东西。

您还应该写下您经历的任何症状或您最近经历的生活改变。您的医生可以使用此信息来帮助做出诊断。

Your doctor may use one or more tests to screen for diabetes. The糖化血红蛋白(A1C)测试is most common.

这是一项血液检查,表明您在过去2到3个月中的平均血糖水平。它测量了附着在血红蛋白上的血糖量。您的血糖水平越高,血红蛋白附着在糖上。

如果您在两次单独的测试中获得6.5%或更高的A1C水平,您的医生将诊断出糖尿病。如果您的A1C水平在5.7和6.4之间,您的医生将诊断前糖尿病。A1C水平低于5.7的任何东西都被认为是典型的。

If these results aren’t consistent, your doctor will move on to other testing options. Conditions that can lead to inaccurate results include:

Other testing options include:

  • 随机血糖测试。Your doctor will take your blood sample at a random time. If your blood sugar levels are 200 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) or higher, you likely have diabetes.
  • 禁食血糖测试。Your doctor will take your blood sample after a period of fasting. If your blood sugar levels are 126 mg/dL or higher, you will receive a diagnosis of diabetes.

您应该在不同的一天中确认这些读数。您的医生还可能建议进行口服葡萄糖耐量测试。

在口服葡萄糖耐受性测试中,您的医生将首先要求您进行禁食的血糖测试。然后,它们将为您提供含糖液体喝酒,并将在接下来的两个小时内定期测量您的血糖水平。如果超过200 mg/dl,您将获得糖尿病的诊断。

与您的医生谈谈哪种筛查方法适合您以及您可以做什么准备。

Sometimes, symptoms of diabetes may not be obvious, especially in the early stages. Knowing what the signs are can prompt you to talk with a doctor, especially if the symptoms don’t resolve or if they get worse.

最好尽快评估症状,以便在必要时开始治疗。这将有助于减少对身体的可能损害,您会感觉更好。

如果您接受糖尿病的诊断,您的医生可能会将您与糖尿病教育者和营养师联系起来。他们可以与您合作制定适合您个人需求的糖尿病管理计划。

您的管理计划将包括营养准则,运动方案和药物旨在调节血糖水平。您的医生可能还建议定期进行血糖测试。

解决最适合您的治疗计划可能需要一些反复试验。