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排尿疼痛（排尿症）是一个广泛的术语，描述了排尿期间的不适。这种疼痛可能起源于膀胱，尿道或会阴。尿道是将尿液在您体内携带的管。

In those with a penis, the area between the scrotum and the anus is known as the perineum. In those with a vagina, the perineum is the area between the anus and the opening of the vagina.

排尿很常见。疼痛，燃烧或刺痛可能表明许多医疗状况。

Urinary tract infections

排尿是一个常见的迹象尿路感染(UTI). A UTI can be the result of a bacterial infection. It can also be due to inflammation of the urinary tract.

尿道，膀胱，输尿管和肾脏构成了您的尿路。输尿管是将尿液从肾脏到膀胱的管。这些器官中的任何一个中的炎症都会在排尿过程中引起疼痛。

有阴道的人是 more likely 比有阴茎的人开发UTI。这是因为尿道在阴道的人中较短。较短的尿道意味着细菌的距离较短，可以到达膀胱。

怀孕或更年期的人也有增加尿路感染的风险。

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

You may also experience pain when urinating if you have acquired asexually transmitted infection（STI）。一些可能引起痛苦排尿的性传播感染包括生殖器疱疹,淋病， 和chlamydia。

It’s important to be screened for STIs, especially because they don’t always have symptoms. Many people who are sexually active should get tested for STIs.

前列腺炎

Other medical conditions can cause painful urination. People with a prostate may experience painful urination due toprostatitis。这种情况是前列腺的炎症。这是引起尿燃烧，刺痛和不适的主要原因。

Cystitis

尿液疼痛的另一个原因是膀胱炎或膀胱内膜的炎症。间质性膀胱炎（IC）也称为疼痛膀胱综合征。这是最常见的膀胱炎。IC的症状包括膀胱和骨盆区域的疼痛和压痛。

In some cases,放射治疗can cause bladder and urinary pain. This condition is known as radiation cystitis.

Urethritis

Urethritisindicates that the urethra has become inflamed, usually due to an infection by bacteria. Urethritis often causes pain while urinating and can also cause an increased urge to urinate.

附睾炎

尿液疼痛也可能是由于附睾炎或阴茎患者的附睾炎症引起的。这epididymis位于睾丸和商店的背面，并从睾丸中移动精子。

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

pidcan affect the输卵管,卵巢,宫颈， 和子宫。它可能导致腹部疼痛，性行为疼痛和排尿疼痛，以及其他症状。

pid是一种严重的感染，通常是由阴道中初始细菌感染引起的，然后进入生殖器官。

Obstructive uropathy

Obstructive uropathyis when an obstruction in the ureter, bladder, or urethra causes urine to flow back into the kidneys. Causes vary, but it’s important to seek medical help when symptoms occur.

Another condition,尿道狭窄, can cause narrowing in the urethra, causing similar issues with urination and pain.

肾结石

You may have difficulty urinating comfortably if you have肾结石。肾结石是位于尿路中的大量硬化材料。

药物

某些药物，例如癌症治疗还有一些抗生素可以将痛苦的排尿作为副作用。与您的医疗保健提供者讨论您可能要服用的药物的任何副作用。

卫生产品

有时排尿疼痛不是由于感染。它也可能是由您在生殖区域中使用的产品引起的。肥皂，乳液和气泡浴可能会特别刺激阴道组织。

染料在洗涤剂和其他化妆品刺激ucts can also cause irritation and lead to painful urination.

Determining the cause of the pain will be the first step before treatment.

Your doctor may prescribe medicationto treat painful urination. Antibiotics can treat UTIs, some bacterial infections, and some STIs. Your doctor may also give you medication to calm your irritated bladder.

由于细菌感染引起的疼痛排尿通常在您开始服用药物后会很快改善。始终按照医生的处方完全服用药物。

Pain associated with some infections, such as interstitial cystitis, may be more challenging to treat. Results from drug therapy may be slower. You may have to take medication for up to 4 months before you start to feel better.

您可以对生活方式进行一些改变，以缓解症状。

Contact your healthcare provider:

  • 如果疼痛持续或持久
  • 如果你怀孕了
  • 疼痛伴随着发烧
  • 如果you experience discharge from your penis or vagina
  • 如果您的尿液有不同的气味，其中有血或多云
  • 如果the pain is accompanied by abdominal pain
  • 如果you pass a bladder or kidney stone

您的医生可能会询问其他症状，并要求实验室工作以帮助确定疼痛的原因。

用西班牙语阅读本文。