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什么是脚趾甲？

Ingrown toenails occur when the edges or corners of your nails grow into the skin next to the nail. Your big toe is most likely to get an ingrown toenail.

您可以在家中治疗脚趾甲。但是，它们可能导致可能需要医疗的并发症。如果您患有糖尿病或其他导致血液循环不良的状况，您的并发症风险就会更高。

男性和女人都出现了脚趾甲。根据国家卫生服务（NHS），脚趾甲在脚汗的人（例如青少年）中可能更为常见。老年人也可能处于较高的风险，因为脚趾甲会随着年龄的增长而变稠。

Many things can cause an ingrown toenail, including:

  • 错误地切割脚趾甲（直接切成薄片，因为钓鱼的侧面可以鼓励指甲成长为皮肤。）
  • 不规则，弯曲的脚趾甲
  • footwear that places a lot of pressure on the big toes, such as socks and stockings that are too tight or shoes that are too tight, narrow, or flat for your feet
  • 脚趾甲受伤，包括脚趾固定，脚上掉头或反复踢球
  • 姿势不佳
  • 卫生不当，例如不保持脚部干净或干燥
  • genetic predisposition

在体育活动期间，广泛使用脚，可以使您特别容易磨碎脚趾甲。您反复踢物体或长时间施加压力的活动可能会造成脚趾甲损坏并增加脚趾甲的侵入风险。这些活动包括：

  • 芭蕾舞
  • 足球
  • kickboxing
  • soccer

Ingrown toenails can be painful, and they usually worsen in stages.

早期症状包括：

  • 指甲旁边变软，肿胀或硬性
  • 疼痛when pressure is placed on the toe
  • 脚趾周围建立的液体

如果你的脚趾构成mes infected, symptoms may include:

  • 红色，皮肤肿胀
  • 疼痛
  • bleeding
  • oozing pus
  • 皮肤的生长脚趾

尽快治疗向内生长的脚趾甲，以避免症状恶化。

Your doctor will most likely be able to diagnose your toe with a physical exam. If your toe seems infected, you might need anX-rayto show how deep the nail has grown into the skin. An X-ray can also reveal if your ingrown nail was caused by injury.

如果您需要帮助寻找初级保健医生或胃肠病医生，则可以通过该地区的医生浏览医生Healthline FindCare tool。

Ingrown toenails that aren’t infected can normally be treated at home. However, if your toenail has pierced the skin, or there is any sign of infection, seek medical treatment. Signs of infection include:

  • warmth
  • pus
  • redness and swelling

Home treatment

要在家中治疗您的脚趾甲，请尝试：

  • 每天将脚浸入温水约15至20分钟约15至20分钟（在其他时候，您的鞋子和脚应保持干燥。）
  • pushing skin away from the toenail edge with a cotton ball soaked in olive oil
  • using over-the-counter medicines, like acetaminophen (Tylenol), for the pain
  • 施用局部抗生素，例如多粘蛋白和新霉素（都存在于新孢菌素）或类固醇霜，以防止感染

Try home treatments for a few days to a few weeks. If the pain worsens or you find it difficult to walk or perform other activities because of the nail, see your doctor.

If the toenail does not respond to home treatments or an infection occurs, you may need surgery. In cases of infection, stop all home treatments and see your doctor.

手术治疗

有不同类型的手术治疗or ingrown toenails. Partial nail removal only involves removing the piece of nail that is digging into your skin. Your doctor numbs your toe and then narrows the toenail. According to the NHS, partial nail removal is98 percenteffective for preventing future ingrown toenails.

During a partial nail removal, the sides of the nail are cut away so that the edges are completely straight. A piece of cotton is placed under the remaining portion of the nail to keep the ingrown toenail from recurring. Your doctor may also treat your toe with a compound called phenol, which keeps the nail from growing back.

如果您的向内指甲是由增厚。Your doctor will give you a local pain injection and then remove the entire nail in a procedure called a matrixectomy.

After surgery

After surgery, your doctor will send you home with your toe bandaged. You will probably need to keep your foot raised for the next one to two days and wear special footwear to allow your toe to heal properly.

尽可能避免运动。手术两天后，通常将绷带切除。您的医生会建议您穿脚趾鞋，并每天浸泡盐水，直到您的脚趾愈合为止。您还将被处方缓解疼痛药物和抗生素，以防止感染。

Your toenail will likely grow back a few months after a partial nail removal surgery. If the entire nail is removed down to the base (the nail matrix under your skin), a toenail can take over a year to grow back.

If left untreated, an ingrowntoenail infectioncan cause an infection in the bone in your toe. A toenail infection can also lead to foot ulcers, or open sores, and a loss of blood flow to the infected area. Tissue decay and tissue death at the site of infection are possible.

如果您有脚感可能会更严重diabetes。Even a small cut, scrape, or ingrown toenail may quickly become infected due to the lack of blood flow and nerve sensitivity. See your doctor right away if you have diabetes and are concerned about an ingrown toenail infection.

如果您对脚趾甲的遗传倾向，它们可能会继续回来或一次出现在多个脚趾上。您的生活质量可能会受到疼痛，感染和其他需要多次治疗或手术的疼痛问题的影响。在这种情况下，您的医生可能会建议部分或完整的基质切除术以去除脚趾甲，从而导致慢性疼痛。Read more about foot care and diabetes.

通过进行多种生活方式改变可以防止向内生长的脚趾甲：

  • 将脚趾甲直接修剪，并确保边缘不会弯曲。
  • 避免切太短的脚趾甲。
  • 穿合适的安装鞋，袜子和紧身裤。
  • Wearsteel-toe boots如果您在危险条件下工作。
  • If your toenails are abnormally curved or thick, surgery may be necessary to prevent ingrown nails.