A hyperplastic polyp is a growth of extra cells that projects out from tissues inside your body. They occur in areas where your body has repaired damaged tissue, especially along yourdigestive tract。
增生的结直肠息肉发生在您的结肠，即大肠的衬里。增生的胃或胃息肉出现在上皮，这是胃内部的组织层。
通常在colonoscopy。它们相对普遍，通常是良性的，这意味着它们不是癌变的。
有几种类型的增生性息肉根据其形状有所不同，包括：
- pedunculated:长而狭窄的蘑菇状茎
- sessile:shorter and squat-looking
- serrated:底部平坦，短而宽
结肠中的增生息肉不一定是引起人们关注的原因。增生息肉
结肠中具有多个增生性息肉被称为增生性息肉病。这种情况使您处于50 percent higher risk用于发展结直肠癌。
此外，研究建议that hyperplastic polyposis is more likely to develop into colon cancer if you have certain risk factors, including:
- being male
- being obese
- 吃很多红肉
- 没有足够的运动
- frequent, long-term tobacco smoking
- 定期喝酒
- having an inflammatory bowel condition, such as克罗恩病
- 右边有息肉（上升）结肠
Your cancer risk may be lower if you:
- use nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs），例如布洛芬（Advil）
- are receiving hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
- 在饮食中获得足够的钙
增生息肉也可能出现在您的胃中。实际上，他们是最常见的胃息肉类型。They’re usually benign and rarely develop into cancer.
Small stomach polyps are generally harmless and don’t cause noticeable symptoms. However, larger polyps may cause:
- 肚子痛
- 呕吐
- losing an unusual amount of weight
- 凳子上的鲜血
Your risk of getting stomach polyps increases as you get older. When it comes to developing a cancerous hyperplastic stomach polyp, the following things can increase your risk:
- having a stomach infection caused byHelicobacter pyloribacteria
- having a family history of cancerous stomach polyps
- 定期使用胃酸的药物，例如proton pump inhibitors
If your doctor finds stomach or colon polyps during a colonoscopy, their follow-up instructions may vary based on the size, location, and type of polyps that they found.
If you only have one small hyperplastic polyp in your colon or stomach, your doctor will likely do abiopsy，其中涉及从息肉中取出一个小组织样品并在显微镜下看。
如果活检表明息肉不是癌性的，那么您可能不需要立即治疗。取而代之的是，您可能会要求您每5至10年回来常规结肠镜检查，尤其是如果您患结肠癌的风险更高。
If your doctor suspects that polyps are cancerous, they may schedule follow-up blood tests or antibody tests to confirm the diagnosis.
In many cases, your doctor can remove any large polyps that they find during a colonoscopy or stomach endoscopy with a device attached to the scope that enters your colon or stomach. Your doctor might also remove polyps if you have a lot of them.
In rare cases, you may need to schedule a separate appointment to remove them.
If a hyperplastic polyp is cancerous, your doctor will discuss the next steps for cancer treatment with you, including:
- partial or total colon removal
- partial or total stomach removal
- 化学疗法
- targeted drug therapy
Getting polyps removed before they become cancerouslowers your risk of developing colorectal or stomach cancer by almost 80 percent。
您的胃或结肠中的大多数增生性息肉无害，永远不会癌。在常规的内窥镜手术过程中，通常很容易将它们删除。后续内窥镜可以帮助您确保快速安全地清除任何新的息肉。
