世界上大部分地区每天都喜欢喝一两杯茶，但是那热饮料会伤害我们吗？最近的一些研究发现，喝非常热茶与某些类型的癌症之间有联系。

However, other medical research shows that drinking hot tea alone will not cause cancer. Drinking very hot tea combined with other risk factors 可能会增加患某些类型癌症的机会。这些风险包括：

  • smoking cigarettes orsheesha（水烟）
  • drinking alcohol
  • 咀嚼烟草
  • 饮食
  • exposure to air pollution

A study from Iran found that people who drank 700 milliliters of hot tea per day that was 60°C or higher (140°F) had a 90 percent increase in the risk of esophageal cancers.

Cancer of the esophagus, or esophageal cancer, is the specific kind of cancer linked to drinking very hot tea.

The食管是一个空心的肌肉管，可携带液体，唾液并从口腔到胃中咀嚼食物。称为括约肌肌肉的圆形肌肉闭合并打开两端。

食管癌发生在食管中肿瘤生长或食管内膜中的细胞发生变化时发生。

There are two main kinds of esophageal癌症:

  • 鳞状细胞癌。这种类型的癌症发生在将食道内部变化的扁平细胞变化时。
  • Adenocarcinoma.This type of cancer happens when the cancer begins in the mucus ducts of the esophagus. This usually occurs in the lower part of the esophagus.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the type of cancer linked to drinking hot tea in the study mentioned above.

ESCC或任何类型的食管癌最常见的症状是难度或疼痛吞咽。

symptoms of esophageal cancer

On addition to pain or difficulty swallowing, othersymptomsof ESCC may include:

  • chronic cough
  • indigestion or heart burn
  • hoarseness
  • weight loss
  • 低胃口
  • bleeding in the esophagus

See your doctor if you have any symptoms of ESCC. Your doctor will perform a physical exam and a few tests to helpdiagnose你的状况。您可能还需要测试，例如：

  • Endoscopy.Your doctor looks inside the esophagus with a tiny camera attached to a flexible tube. The camera can also take pictures of your esophagus.
  • 活检。Your doctor takes a tiny piece of tissue from the inside lining of your esophagus. The sample is sent to a lab to be analyzed.
  • Barium swallow.In这个测试，您必须喝一种粉笔液，以排在食道。然后，您的医生将服用食道X射线。
  • CT scan.This scan produces images of your esophagus and your entire chest area. You may also have a full body CT scan.

像其他类型的癌症一样，治疗取决于食管癌的哪个阶段。您的医生可能会建议：

  • Surgery.Your doctor may recommend removal of the cancerous part of the esophagus. If the cancer has spread deeper into the esophagus, you may need a part orall它已删除。
  • Radiation therapy.High-energy辐射梁是用来阻止癌细胞在欧洲南方天文台phagus. Radiation may be used before or after surgery.
  • 化学疗法。化学疗法is a type of drug treatment used to get rid of cancer. You may need chemotherapy along with surgery or radiation.

Drinking any very hot beverage — not just tea — might increase your risk of esophageal cancer. This includes hot water, coffee, and hot chocolate.

关于为什么喝热茶和其他饮料可能导致食管癌风险更高的原因需要更多的研究。一种理论是，热茶可能会损害食道的衬里，从而使其他引起癌症的物质（如酒精和香烟烟雾）更容易进入。

Drinking hot tea doesn’t cause cancer on its own. If you regularly drink tea or other hot beverages and you have other risk factors like smoking and drinking alcohol, you may have a higher risk of one kind of esophageal cancer.

A combination of lifestyle changes, such as quitting smoking, limiting alcohol, and allowing beverages to cool before drinking them may help lower your risk of some types of cancers.