The distal ends of the radius and ulna bones articulate with the hand bones at the junction of the wrist, which is formally known as thecarpus。Together with the bones of the palm, these bones form two rows: the distal row, closest to the palm, and the proximal row, closest to the forearm.
The eight bones of the wrist are:
- Scaphoid: This bone is on the thumb side of the hand near the radius.
- Lunate: This bone rests between the scaphoid and triquetrum in the proximal row, near the radius bone.
- Triquetrum: This small bone is on the pinkie side of the wrist.
- Pisiform: This small bone is on the palm side, lying in front of the triquetrum.
- Trapezium：该骨头位于肩膀的第一个掌骨之间。
- Trapezoid:最小的骨远端行,这个位于between the trapezium and the capitate.
- Capitate: The largest of the wrist bones, this rests between the trapezoid and the hamate behind the middle and ring fingers.
- 哈马特: This small bone has a hook on the palmar side. It rests next to the capitate on the pinkie side of the wrist.
The wrist bones connect to the hand’smetacarpal bones。这些是手中最大的骨头。这五个骨头的末端触摸手腕，并为手掌创建骨骼结构。掌骨编号为一到五。拇指是第一，小指是第五。
Each finger has a series of three bones (except for the thumb, which lacks the middle phalanx):
- Proximal phalanx: The longest of the three, this bone extends from the edge of the palm. It is where your rings rest.
- Middle phalanx: This bone is part of both finger joints.
- Distal phalanx：最小的手指骨头，这通常称为“指尖”。
Bones are connected via fibrous ligaments. The wrist contains a web of ligaments. The bones in the palm are bound together by a foundation of ligaments to support finger movement.. Each finger joint is wrapped in ligaments.
Because it has many bones, the hand also contains a lot ofcartilage, connective tissue that pads bones as they come together at joints. This cartilage can be damaged by excessive use or injury. Cartilage damage can cause pain in joints.
Bone fracturesare among the most common, short-term injuries of the hand. These typically occur during high-impact trauma such as automobile accidents, falls, and sport injuries.