What is sensorineural hearing loss?
突然的感官听力损失（SSHL）也称为突然耳聋。当您很快失去听力时，通常只有一只耳朵。它可以立即或几天内发生。在此期间，声音逐渐变得闷闷不乐。
Frequencies measure sound waves. Decibels measure the intensity, or loudness, of the sounds we hear. Zero is the lowest decibel level, which is close to complete silence. A whisper is 30 decibels, and normal speech is 60 decibels. A loss of 30 decibels in three connected frequencies is considered SSHL. This means that a hearing loss of 30 decibels would make normal speech sound like a whisper.
有关于4,000 cases美国每年诊断出的SSHL。这种情况最常影响30至60岁之间的人。如果迅速治疗，约有50％的单侧SSHL（仅受到一只耳朵受影响）恢复。关于15％of people with the condition have hearing loss that gradually gets worse over time. But, advances in technology used for hearing aids and cochlear implants are helping to improve communication for people affected by hearing loss.
SSHL是一种严重的医疗状况，需要迅速的医疗护理。如果您认为自己正在经历SSHL，请立即致电医生。早期治疗可以节省您的听力。
当内耳，内耳中的耳蜗或耳朵和大脑之间的神经通路受损时，SSHL发生。
大多数时候，医生找不到单方面SSHL的特定原因。但是，有100多个双侧（两只耳朵）SSHL的原因。一些可能的原因包括：
- malformation of the inner ear
- 头部受伤或创伤
- prolonged exposure to loud noise
- neurologic conditions, such asmultiple sclerosis
- 免疫系统疾病，例如Cogan综合征
- Meniere disease，这是一种影响内耳的疾病
- 莱姆病，这是一种传染病，经常通过滴答叮咬传播
- ototoxic medication, which can harm the ear
- venom from a snake bite
- blood circulation problems
- 组织生长或肿瘤异常
- blood vessel disease
- 老化
先天性SSHL
Babies can be born with SSHL. This may happen as a result of:
只有一只耳朵的10人中，大约有10人中有10人的听力损失。您可能会注意到hearing lossright after you wake up in the morning. You may also become aware of it when you use headphones or hold a phone to your affected ear. Sudden hearing loss is sometimes preceded by a loud popping sound. Other symptoms include:
- trouble following group conversations
- muffled conversation sounds
- 当有很多背景噪音时，无法听到很好的声音
- 很难听到高音调的声音
- dizziness
- 平衡问题
- tinnitus, which occurs when you hear ringing or buzzing sounds in your ear
何时测试孩子的听力
由于出生时感染或耳毒性药物损害而导致儿童的听力损失可能出现。是否总是很容易知道您的孩子是否正确听到。您应该对孩子的听力进行测试：
- 似乎不了解语言
- 不要试图形成单词
- don’t appear to startle at sudden noises or respond to sounds in a way you would expect
- 有很多耳朵感染或平衡问题
To diagnose SSHL, your doctor will ask you about your medical history and perform a physical exam. Make sure to tell your doctor about other medical conditions you may have and about any over-the-counter and prescription medications you’re taking.
在身体检查期间，您的医生可能会要求您一次遮住一只耳朵，同时收听不同卷的声音。您的医生还可以使用调音叉进行一些测试，该叉构件可以测量耳朵中的振动。您的医生使用这些测试的结果来检查中耳和耳膜振动的部分的损坏。
听力计tests can check your hearing more thoroughly and precisely. During these tests, an audiologist will test your hearing ability using earphones. A series of different sounds and volume levels may be sent to each ear individually. This can help determine the level at which your hearing begins to fade.
An核磁共振成像扫描may also be ordered to look for any abnormalities in your ear, such as tumors or cysts. MRI takes detailed pictures of your brain and inner ear, which can help your doctor find the underlying cause of SSHL.
早期治疗可能会增加您完全康复的机会。但是，您的医生将尝试在开始治疗之前找到您的听力损失的原因。
灭菌oids are the most common treatment. They can reduce inflammation and swelling. This is especially helpful in people who have diseases of the immune system, such as Cogan syndrome. Your doctor may also prescribe antibiotics if an infection is the cause of your SSHL.
In some cases, a doctor can surgically insert a cochlear implant into your ear. The implant doesn’t completely restore hearing, but it can amplify sounds to a more normal level.
大约三分之二的SSHL患者会局部恢复其听力。
Hearing aids and telephone amplifiers can help if your hearing doesn’t improve. Sign language and lip reading can also improve communication for people with severe hearing loss.