抑郁症如何分类
It’s common to feel down from time to time, but depression is a separate condition that should be treated with care. Aside from causing a general feeling of sadness, depression is known for causing feelings of hopelessness that don’t seem to go away.
The term “depression” has become common in mainstream society. But depression is a more nuanced subject than popular usage may suggest. For one, not all cases of depression are the same. There are varying classifications of depression, and each can affect your life in different ways.
抑郁症可能被归类为：
- 温和的
- 缓和
- severe, also called “major”
确切的分类基于许多因素。这些包括您经历的症状类型，严重性以及发生的频率。某些类型的抑郁症也会导致症状严重程度暂时升高。
Keep reading to learn more about the different classifications of depression and how they may be treated.
轻度抑郁involves more than just feeling blue temporarily. Your symptoms can go on for days and are noticeable enough to interfere with your usual activities.
轻度抑郁may cause:
- 烦躁或愤怒
- hopelessness
- feelings of guilt and despair
- 自我厌恶
- a loss of interest in activities you once enjoyed
- difficulties concentrating at work
- 缺乏动力
- a sudden disinterest in socializing
- aches and pains with seemingly no direct cause
- daytime sleepiness and fatigue
- insomnia
- 食欲改变
- weight changes
- 鲁ck的行为，例如滥用酒精和毒品或赌博
如果一天中大部分时间的症状持续存在，平均每周四天为两年，那么您很可能会被诊断出患有持续性抑郁症。该疾病也称为心律失常。
Though mild depression is noticeable, it’s the most difficult to diagnose. It’s easy to dismiss the symptoms and avoid discussing them with your doctor.
Despite the challenges in diagnosis, mild depression is the easiest to treat. Certain lifestyle changes can go a long way in boosting serotonin levels in the brain, which can help fight depressive symptoms.
有用的生活方式改变包括：
- exercising daily
- 遵守睡眠时间表
- 吃富含水果和蔬菜的均衡饮食
- practicing yoga or meditation
- doing activities that reduce stress, such as journaling, reading, or listening to music
Other treatments for mild depression include alternative remedies, such as St. John’s Wort and melatonin supplements. However, supplements can interfere with certain medications. Be sure to ask your doctor before taking any supplements for depression.
A class of antidepressants called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) may be used in some cases. However, these tend to be more effective in people with more severe forms of depression. Recurrent depression tends to respond better to lifestyle changes and forms of talk therapy, such as psychotherapy, than medication.
尽管可能不需要医疗，但轻度抑郁症并不一定会自行消失。实际上，当独自一人留下时，温和的抑郁症可以发展为更严重的形式。
Learn more: Herbs, vitamins, and supplements for depression »
In terms of symptomatic severity, moderate depression is the next level up from mild cases. Moderate and mild depression share similar symptoms. Additionally, moderate depression may cause:
- 自尊的问题
- 降低生产率
- feelings of worthlessness
- increased sensitivities
- excessive worrying
最大的区别是，中度抑郁症的症状足够严重，可以在家中引起问题。您可能还会在社交生活中遇到重大困难。
中度抑郁症比轻度病例更容易诊断，因为这些症状会严重影响您的日常生活。但是，诊断的关键是确保您与医生谈论所经历的症状。
可以开处方SSRI，例如舍曲林（Zoloft）或Paroxetine（Paxil）。这些药物最多可能需要六周才能充分生效。Cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT) is also used in some cases of moderate depression.
严重的（主要）抑郁症被归类为具有轻度至中度抑郁症的症状，但症状是严重且明显的，即使是您所爱的人。
Episodes of major depression last an average of six months or longer. Sometimes severe depression can go away after a while, but it can also be recurrent for some people.
诊断在严重的抑郁症中尤为重要，甚至可能对时间敏感。
抑郁症的主要形式也可能导致：
- 妄想
- 昏昏欲睡的感觉
- hallucinations
- suicidal thoughts or behaviors
严重的抑郁症需要医疗on as possible. Your doctor will likely recommend an SSRI and some form of talk therapy.
If you’re experiencing suicidal thoughts or behaviors, you should seek immediate medical attention. Call your local emergency services or the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 800-273-8255 right away.
To treat depression effectively, it’s important that you reach out to your doctor for a diagnosis. They will work with you to determine the right treatment measures. Treatment may include SSRIs, herbal remedies, CBT, or lifestyle adjustments.
在轻度至中度抑郁症的情况下，与您的医生联系特别重要，因为症状可能不会引起其他症状。尽管可能需要花费时间才能显着差异，但是与您的医生接触是感觉更好的第一步。
If you’re dealing with thoughts of suicide or acts of self-harm, call your local emergency services or a crisis hotline right away. You can try the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 800-273-8255.