9霍桑浆果的令人印象深刻的健康益处

1.富含抗氧化剂

Hawthorn berry is a rich source ofpolyphenols，它是植物中发现的强大抗氧化剂（ 1 , 2 ）。

抗氧化剂help neutralize unstable molecules called free radicals that can harm your body when they are present at high levels.

Free radicals can come from certain foods. You can also have higher levels of them as a result of exposure to environmental toxins such as air pollution and cigarette smoke ( 3 ）。

Polyphenols are associated with numerous health benefits due to their antioxidant activity, including a lower risk of ( 2 , 4 , 5 ）：

• some cancers
• type 2 diabetes
• asthma
• some infections
• heart problems
• 过早的皮肤老化

尽管对动物和细胞的初步研究很有希望，但需要更多的人类研究来评估山楂浆果对疾病风险的影响。

Summary

霍索恩浆果含有植物多酚，具有与许多健康益处有关的抗氧化特性。

2.可能具有抗炎特性

Hawthorn berry may have anti-inflammatory properties that could improve your health.

研究发现chronic inflammation与许多疾病有关，包括2型糖尿病，哮喘和某些癌症（ 6 ）。

In a study in mice with liver disease, hawthorn berry extract significantly decreased levels of inflammatory compounds, leading to reduced liver inflammation and injury ( 7 ）。

In one study, researchers gave vitexin — a compound present in hawthorn leaves — to mice with respiratory conditions. This treatment decreased the production of molecules that trigger inflammation and reduced the response of white blood cells to inflammation ( 8 ）。

动物和试管研究的这些有希望的结果表明，补充剂可能为人类提供抗炎益处。但是，需要更多的研究。

Summary

Hawthorn berry extract has shown anti-inflammatory potential in test-tube and animal studies. Still, research in humans is needed.

3. May lower blood pressure

在传统中医中，霍桑·贝瑞（Hawthorn Berry）是最常见推荐的食物之一treat high blood pressure( 9 ）。

动物研究表明，霍桑可以充当血管扩张剂，这意味着它可以放松限制血管，最终降低血压（ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ）。

一项为期10周的研究研究了36例轻度升高血压的人的霍索恩提取物的影响。

研究人员发现，每天服用500毫克提取物的人会降低舒张压 - 血压读数的底数（ 14 ）。

在2006年的一项研究中，研究人员每天为79例2型糖尿病和高血压提供了1,200毫克的山楂提取物，持续16周。服用提取物的人比安慰剂组的人经历了更多的血压改善（ 15 ）。

Still, more studies are needed to back up these findings. It’s also important to note that using an extract is not the same as eating the berries.

Summary

一些研究表明，霍桑浆果可以通过帮助扩张血管来降低血压。但是，需要进一步的研究。

4. May reduce blood cholesterol levels

Some studies indicate that hawthorn extract may improve blood cholesterol levels thanks to its flavonoid and pectin content.果胶是参与胆固醇代谢的一种纤维（ 11 , 16 ）。

血液胆固醇水平不平衡，尤其是高甘油三酸酯和低HDL（好）胆固醇 - 在atherosclerosis, or plaque buildup in your blood vessels ( 17 ）。

如果斑块继续积聚，它可能会完全阻止血管，从而导致心脏病发作或中风。

In one animal study, mice that received two doses of hawthorn extract had lower total and LDL (bad) cholesterol, as well as 28–47% lower liver triglyceride levels, compared with mice that did not receive the extract ( 18 ）。

Similarly, a 6-week study in rats showed that when rats were fed hawthorn berry supplements, they had significantly reduced levels of fasting triglycerides and LDL (bad) cholesterol ( 19 ）。

最后，一项为期64人动脉粥样硬化的6个月研究发现，以每磅2.3 mg（每公斤5 mg）的体重的2.3 mg（每公斤5毫克）服用山楂提取物可显着降低颈动脉中有害斑块的厚度（ 20 ）。

尽管这项研究是有希望的，但需要更多的人类研究来评估霍索恩提取物对血液胆固醇的影响。

Summary

Research in animals and humans suggests that taking hawthorn extract may help lower cholesterol and triglyceride levels. However, more human research is needed.

5.用来帮助消化

People have used hawthorn berries and extract for centuries to treat digestive issues, particularly indigestion and stomach pain ( 1 ）。

浆果含有纤维，已被证明可以通过减少便秘并充当益生元来帮助消化。Prebioticsare foods that nourish and promote healthy gut bacteria, which are vital to maintaining healthy digestion ( 21 ）。

一项对消化缓慢的人的观察性研究发现，每一克饮食纤维人消耗的每一克都与肠运动之间的时间减少了30分钟（ 22 ）。

换句话说，纤维人进食越多，他们便大便的频率。

此外，一项大鼠研究观察到，山楂提取物大大减少了消化系统中食物的肠道运输时间（ 23 ）。

减少的肠道过境时间意味着食物通过消化系统更快地移动，这可能减轻消化不良。

Furthermore, research in rodents suggests that compounds in hawthorn berries could enhance the production and activity of digestive enzymes — namely those needed for the digestion of fatty and protein-rich foods ( 10 ）。

Summary

People have used hawthorn berry as a digestive aid for centuries. It may help relieve constipation and enhance the production of enzymes needed to digest fatty and protein-rich foods.

6.可能具有抗衰老特性

山楂浆果可能有助于防止过早的皮肤老化由于过度的阳光或紫外线暴露而导致胶原蛋白降解引起的。

一项试管研究发现，山楂和参提取物可以通过抑制皱纹形成和增加皮肤水分来防止衰老的迹象（ 24 ）。

Research suggests that this effect may be due to the hawthorn berry’s antioxidant content. Nevertheless, research in this area is limited, and human studies are needed.

Summary

Some research suggests that hawthorn berries may help reduce signs of aging as a result of their antioxidant content.

7.可以减轻焦虑

科学家一直在调查霍索恩作为一种潜在的焦虑症的新疗法（ 25 , 26 ,27）。

在一项对264人焦虑的人的较旧研究中，霍桑提取物的结合，镁, and California poppy flower significantly reduced anxiety levels compared with a placebo. However, it’s unclear what specific role hawthorn played ( 28 ）。

与传统相比，霍桑似乎几乎没有副作用抗焦虑药. That’s one reason scientists continue to research it as a potential treatment for central nervous system disorders such as anxiety and depression ( 1 ）。

但是，这些研究使用了各种类型的霍桑产品，不一定是浆果。需要更多的研究。

如果您想尝试霍桑补充剂来管理焦虑症，请不要停止使用当前的药物，并确保事先与医疗保健专业人员进行讨论，以确保它对您安全。

Summary

Scientists are investigating hawthorn supplements as a potential treatment for anxiety. However, right now there’s not much research on them for this purpose. More studies of the effects of hawthorn berry on anxiety are needed.

8. Used to treat heart failure

霍索恩·贝瑞（Hawthorn Berry）与其他传统药物一起在传统环境中使用在传统环境中使用。Heart failureis a condition in which the heart can’t properly pump blood.

Multiple studies have suggested hawthorn berry may have beneficial effects without severe adverse effects in people with heart failure ( 1 , 10 ）。

研究主要显示心脏功能和心脏失败症状的改善 - 例如呼吸和疲劳短暂（ 1 , 10 ）。

Researchers have suggested that compounds called flavonoids in hawthorn might be behind these beneficial effects ( 10 ）。

但是，一些证据表明，在某些心力衰竭的情况下，霍桑可能有害。一项研究发现，与常规治疗一起进行，增加了心力衰竭会进展的风险（ 29 ）。

需要更多的研究。

Summary

In some traditional medicine practices, people commonly take hawthorn berry alongside other traditional medications for heart failure. However, it may be harmful when combined with conventional medications for heart failure.

9. Easy to add to your diet

Hawthorn berry may be difficult to find at your local grocery store. However, you may be able to find it at farmers markets and specialty health food stores.

You can add hawthorn to your diet in many ways:

• Raw berries.Raw hawthorn berries have a tart, slightly sweet taste and make a great on-the-go snack. But try not to eat the seeds. Like apple seeds, they contain the toxin cyanide.
• Tea.You can buy premade hawthorn tea or make your own using the plant’s dried berries, flowers, and leaves.
• Jams and desserts.In the Southeastern United States, people commonly make hawthorn berries into jam, pie filling, and syrup.
• 葡萄酒和醋。山楂浆果可以发酵成美味的酒精饮料（对于成人）或可口的醋，您可以用来制作沙拉酱。
• Supplements.您可以以方便的粉末，药丸或液体形式服用霍桑浆果补品。

山楂浆果补品通常包含浆果以及叶子和花朵，尽管有些仅包括叶子和花朵。

Different brands and forms of hawthorn supplements have varying dosing recommendations. Typical dosages are 250–500 mg three times daily. However, research has yet to determine an optimal effective dose ( 1 ）。

请记住，与非处方药或处方药相比，食品药品监督管理局（FDA）在一系列法规中调节山楂这样的饮食补充剂。

因此，始终确保从信誉良好的来源购买它们（ 30 ）。

Look for products that have received a seal of approval from independent organizations that assess supplement effectiveness and quality, such as United States Pharmacopeia (USP), NSF International, or ConsumerLab.

Summary

您可以在许多方面吃山楂浆果，也可以将它们作为补充。但是，适当的剂量仍然不确定，需要更多的研究。

副作用和预防措施ns

据报道，服用霍桑浆果的副作用并没有太多。那些似乎从轻度到中等的范围。

人们报告的最常见的人是出汗，头痛，嗜睡，呼吸症，轻度皮疹，躁动和胃肠道效应（ 1 ）。

尽管这些事件不是威胁生命的事件，但如果您遇到任何这些症状，请务必与医疗保健专业人员交谈。

Summary

食用霍桑浆果的副作用往往是温和的。它们通常包括出汗，头痛，嗜睡，呼吸症，轻度皮疹，躁动和胃肠道作用。

Interactions

与标准的现代疗法相比，使用药草作为多种疾病的替代疗法变得越来越受欢迎，例如较少或温和的副作用和成本降低（ 31 ）。

但是，使用这些草药会增加患草药 - 药物相互作用的风险，这可能会改变标准药物的影响，并通过增加，减少或改变现有药物的影响而导致负面影响（ 32 ）。

Research on possible interactions between hawthorn berries and standard medications suggests a potentially harmful effect when people consume hawthorn berries along with heart medications ( 33 ）。

山楂浆果可能会增加血液稀释剂的作用，降低血压和心力衰竭的药物（ 1 , 34 ）。

此外，霍索恩可能会增加洋地黄的活性 - 一种用于治疗充血性心力衰竭和心律不齐或心律问题的药物。这可能会增加毒性和心律不齐的风险（ 1 , 12 , 13 ）。

If you’re taking medication for your heart, speak with a healthcare professional before using hawthorn berry supplements.

Summary

Hawthorn berries may negatively interact with heart medications. If you’re taking such medications, speak with a healthcare professional before taking any hawthorn berry supplement.

底线

霍桑浆果主要是由于其抗氧化剂含量的结果，可能会产生许多健康影响，尤其是对您的心脏。

Studies indicate that it may lower blood pressure and blood cholesterol levels and may even help treat heart failure. In addition, it may reduce inflammation, reduce signs of skin aging, and aid digestion.

但是，它可能与心脏药物相互作用。在将医疗保健专业人员作为补充之前，请务必与医疗保健专业人员交谈。