Whiplash occurs when a person’s head moves backward and then forward suddenly with great force. This injury is most common following a rear-end auto collision. It can also result from physical abuse, sports injuries, or even amusement park rides.
当颈部的软组织（肌肉和韧带）延伸超出其典型的运动范围时，鞭打会发生。您的症状可能不会出现一段时间，因此在任何崩溃或其他伤害事件之后关注几天内的任何物理变化很重要。
Whiplash is thought of as a relatively mild condition, but it can cause long-term pain and discomfort.
当颈部的肌肉遭受压力时发生鞭打，因为向前移动然后前进。突然的运动导致你的颈部肌腱和韧带伸展和撕裂。
可能导致鞭打的一些东西包括：
- 汽车碰撞
- physical abuse, such as being struck or shaken
- contact sports, such as football, boxing, and some martial arts
- 骑马
- 循环碰撞或瀑布
- 瀑布，头部猛烈地猛扑后来
- blows to the head with a heavy object
Some people with whiplash experience chronic (long-term) pain or headaches for years after the event that caused the initial injury. Doctors may be able to trace this pain to damaged neck joints, discs, and ligaments. But chronic pain following a whiplash injury typically has no medical explanation.
Symptoms usually appear within 24 hours after the incident that caused the whiplash. Sometimes, symptoms may develop after a few days. They can last for several weeks.
Common symptoms include:
- 颈部疼痛和僵硬
- headaches，特别是在头骨的底部
- 头晕
- blurred vision
- 不断疲倦
与慢性鞭打相关的常见症状包括：
- problems with concentration and memory
- 在耳朵里响起（耳鸣）
- 无法睡得好
- irritability
- 颈部，肩部或头部的慢性疼痛
最轻微的鞭打次脉冲案件可以在家使用柜台过度（OTC）疼痛药物，冰和其他补救措施。
在自动崩溃或其他伤害事件之后，您应该看到医生，或者您有以下症状：
- pain or stiffness in the neck that goes away and then comes back
- 严重的颈部疼痛
- 肩膀，手臂或腿部疼痛，麻木，或刺痛
- 你的膀胱或肠道的任何问题
- 手臂或腿部的局部弱点
Seek urgent care如果：
- 你的症状蔓延到你的肩膀或武器
- 移动你的头变得痛苦
- 你有麻木或weakness in your arms
您的医生通常会询问有关您的伤害的问题，例如：
- how it happened
- 你感到痛苦的地方
- 疼痛是否沉闷，射击或尖锐
他们也可能做一个physical exam检查您的运动范围并寻找温柔的区域。
Your doctor might order imaging tests that will allow them to assess any damage or炎in the soft tissues, spinal cord, or nerves. They can also detect the presence of a brain injury. These imaging tests may include:
Rarely, a doctor will order diffuse tensor imaging (DTI) or正电子发射断层扫描（宠物扫描），这将有助于找到和衡量大脑或其他地区的伤害程度。
The treatments for whiplash are relatively simple. Doctors will often prescribe anOTC pain medicationlike acetaminophen (Tylenol) or aspirin.
Medical treatment
其他治疗包括：
- 处方止痛药对于更严重的伤害
- muscle relaxants减少肌肉痉挛
- 涂冰或热量受伤的区域
恢复
物理治疗在恢复中起着重要作用。您的医生可以将您推荐给专家。此外，恢复可能包括：
- 练习to build strength and flexibility in your neck
- 练习良好的姿势
- learning放松技巧to keep your neck muscles from straining and to help with recovery
You might also be given a泡沫衣领保持颈部稳定。一次不应佩戴衣领超过3小时。他们应该只使用受伤后的第一个天的几天。然而，对于许多医生来说，使用衣领已经失望。它认为，使用它比最短时间超过愈合慢。
Alternative aftercare
您可能还想尝试替代补救措施来治疗疼痛。有些包括：
- chiropractic care
- massage，这可以缓解颈部肌肉中的一些张力
- 电神经刺激, which involves a gentle electric current that may help reduce neck pain
- acupuncture, though no studies confirm acupuncture’s ability to ease neck pain
很少有人从鞭打中有任何长期并发症。通常，恢复时间是几天到几周的任何地方。根据这一点