Overview

伤寒是指一部分被称为盲肠的大肠的炎症。这是一种严重的疾病，通常会影响免疫系统疲软的人。他们无法像具有健康免疫系统的人一样与感染作斗争。伤寒也可以称为中性粒细胞结肠炎，坏死结肠炎，回肠综合征或盲肠炎。

伤寒主要影响接受非常强化的化学疗法药物治疗癌症的人。虽然尚未完全理解肺炎的确切原因，但通常在肠道受损时通常会发生这种状况，通常是化学疗法治疗的副作用。肠道损害以及该人的免疫系统减弱，使它们更容易受到严重感染的影响。这些感染可能是致命的。

The signs and symptoms of typhlitis are similar to those of a severe intestinal infection. They often come on suddenly and include:

  • nausea
  • 呕吐
  • 发冷
  • high fever
  • diarrhea
  • 胃痛或压痛
  • bloating

People undergoing chemotherapy may also haveneutropenia。中性粒细胞减少症side effect of chemotherapy。It occurs when the immune system has abnormally low levels ofneutrophils, a type of white blood cell important for fighting off infections. Symptoms will often appear 大约两个星期 following a course of chemotherapy.

Researchers believe that typhlitis occurs when the lining of the intestine (mucosa) becomes damaged. This damage is typically caused by a chemotherapy drug. It’s thought that most cases of typhlitis in adults are due to the increasing use of a specific type of cancer treatment known as cytotoxic chemotherapy.

然后，受损的肠被机会性细菌或真菌入侵。通常，一个人的免疫系统会对这种入侵做出反应并杀死微生物。但是，被免疫功能低下的人无法抵抗感染。

Typhlitis is most commonly reported in people with the following conditions:

  • 白血病(most common), a cancer of the blood cells
  • lymphoma，一组从免疫系统细胞开始的癌症
  • multiple myeloma, a type of cancer that affects plasma cells found in the bone marrow
  • aplastic anemia，一种贫血的形式，骨髓停止使血细胞停止
  • 骨髓增生综合征, a group of disorders that causes low levels of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
  • HIV or AIDS, a virus that destroys cells of the immune system known as T cells

It’s also reported in people who’ve received a solid organ or骨髓移植。

Typhlitis is a medical emergency and requires treatment right away. Doctors haven’t yet determined the best way to manage typhlitis.

目前，治疗涉及迅速服用静脉注射抗生素，一般支持性护理（例如静脉液和缓解疼痛）以及肠休息。肠休息是不允许您吃或喝任何东西的时候。取而代之的是，您通过连接到静脉的管接收液体和营养。还可以将吸管通过鼻子进入胃中，以帮助使胃清空消化汁。

可能需要进行紧急手术来治疗并发症，例如出血和肠穿孔。但是，中性粒细胞减少症患者的手术可能非常有风险，并且可能会延迟，直到中性粒细胞减少症得到改善。

If the typhlitis was caused by a specific type of chemotherapy, later courses of chemotherapy might require a change to a different agent.

The inflammation can spread to other parts of the intestine. If the blood supply is cut off to the intestine because of the swelling and injury, the tissues may die (necrosis). Other complications include the following:

The prognosis for typhlitis is generally very poor. One research paper found that the mortality rate could be as高达50％在伤寒患者中。那些能够从低白细胞计数中更快地恢复的人往往有 better outcomes 。尽管并不常见，但即使在治疗后也可以复发。

良好的结果需要早期诊断和激进治疗，但需要改善医疗技术的进步。