Overview

2型糖尿病是一种慢性病，人体无法正确使用胰岛素。这会导致血糖水平升高，这可能导致其他健康问题。

如果您患有2型糖尿病，您的医生可能会开一种或多种治疗方法，以帮助管理血糖水平并降低并发症的风险。

继续读下去,更多的了解一些最通用的n treatments and recommendations for people who are newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.

In general, the Centers for Disease control defines being “ overweight ” as weighing more than is considered healthy for a person’s height.

许多新诊断为2型糖尿病的人超重。在这种情况下，医生通常会建议减肥作为整体治疗计划的一个方面。

For many people who are living with type 2 diabetes, losing5 to 10 percent体重可能有助于降低血糖水平。反过来，这减少了对糖尿病药物的需求，杂志糖尿病护理中的研究人员报告了。

Research suggests that weight loss may alsoreduce your riskof heart disease, which is more common in people with type 2 diabetes than the general population.

To promote weight loss, your doctor may encourage you to cut calories from your snacks and meals. They may also advise you to get more exercise.

在某些情况下，您的医生可能会推荐减肥手术。This is also known as metabolic or bariatric surgery.

您的医生可能会建议您的饮食改变，以帮助管理血糖水平和体重。饮食良好的饮食对您的整体健康也很重要。

There’s no one-size-fits-all approach to healthy eating with type 2 diabetes.

In general, the American Diabetes Association (ADA)recommends：

  • eating a wide variety of nutrient-rich foods, such as whole grains, legumes, vegetables, fruits, lean proteins, and healthy fats
  • 整天均匀地搭配您的饭菜
  • not skipping meals if you’re on the medications that can cause blood sugar to go too low
  • not eating too much

If you need help making changes to your diet, talk to your doctor. They may refer you to a registered dietitian who can help you develop a healthy eating plan.

您的医生可能会鼓励您进行更多的运动，以帮助管理血糖水平和体重，以及2型糖尿病并发症的风险。

According to theADA，大多数患有2型糖尿病的成年人应该：

  • 获得至少150分钟的中度到剧烈的我ntensity aerobic exercise per week, spread over multiple days
  • complete two to three sessions of resistance exercise or strength training per week, spread over non-consecutive days
  • 尝试限制您花在久坐行为的时间
  • 尽量不要连续两天超过两天

Depending on your health, your doctor might encourage you to set different physical activity targets. In some cases, they might advise you to avoid certain activities.

为了帮助您制定对您安全的锻炼计划，您的医生可能会将您转介给物理治疗师。

You might be able to manage your blood sugar with lifestyle changes alone.

但是随着时间的流逝，许多患有2型糖尿病的人需要药物来管理病情。

根据您的健康病史和需求，您的医生可能会开出一个或多个：

  • oral medications
  • insulin, which may be injected or inhaled
  • other injectable drugs, such as a GLP-1 receptor agonist or amylin analogue

在大多数情况下，您的医生将从处方口服药物开始。随着时间的流逝，您可能需要在治疗计划中添加胰岛素或其他可注射药物。

要了解有关您的药物选择的更多信息，请与您的医生交谈。它们可以帮助您权衡不同药物的潜在利益和风险。

The main goal of diabetes treatment is to keep your blood sugar levels in target range.

如果您的血糖下降得太低或太高，则可能导致健康问题。

为了帮助监测您的血糖水平，您的医生将定期订购血液检查。他们可以使用称为A1C测试的测试来评估您的平均血糖水平。

They might also advise you to check your blood sugar levels on a regular basis at home.

To check your blood sugar at home, you can prick your fingertip and test your blood with a blood glucose monitor. Or, you can invest in a 连续的葡萄糖监测器 , which continuously tracks your blood sugar levels using a small sensor inserted under your skin.

To manage type 2 diabetes, your doctor may encourage you to make changes to your diet, exercise routine, or other lifestyle habits. They might prescribe one or more medications. They will also ask you to schedule regular checkups and blood tests.

如果您注意到症状或血糖水平的变化，请告诉医生。2型糖尿病可以随着时间的流逝而改变。您的医生可能会调整您的治疗计划以满足您不断发展的需求。

用西班牙语阅读本文。