Many people with type 2 diabetes need insulin therapy to help manage their blood sugar levels. If you need insulin therapy, starting it sooner rather than later can help lower your risk of complications.
花一点时间了解有关胰岛素疗法的更多信息，以及可能影响您处方剂量的因素。
- 基础胰岛素。To help you maintain a
餐两餐之间的低和稳定的胰岛素水平，您的医生可能会开处方
background insulin replacement. They’ll advise you to take an injection of
每天一次或两次中间作用或长效胰岛素。您也可以使用
胰岛素泵，使自己始终保持稳定的快速作用胰岛素
the day. - 推注胰岛素。To provide a surge of
insulin after meals or as a correction for when your blood sugar is high, your
医生可能会开推推注胰岛素。他们会建议您服用
进食前或何时注射快速作用或短效胰岛素
blood sugar is high.
有些患有2型糖尿病的人只需要替代基底或推注胰岛素。其他人则从两者的组合中受益。您的医生会建议您哪种方案最适合您。
如果您的医生开了基础胰岛素，他们会建议您每天服用一定数量。例如，他们可能会要求您每晚睡觉前服用10单位的长效胰岛素。
如果这还不足以管理您的血糖水平，则可以开出更多的胰岛素。如果您的血糖管理随着时间的推移而改善，则可以减少您的剂量。胰岛素的量将根据您的血糖进行调整。
如果您的医生将推注胰岛素添加到您的治疗计划中，则它们会规定一定比例的快速作用或常规作用胰岛素与碳水化合物。这样，您的碳水化合物摄入量就可以更灵活，您将相应地调整进餐时间胰岛素。另一种选择是在每顿饭时坚持一定量的碳水化合物，并服用固定量的胰岛素，尽管这种方法具有较小的灵活性。
In other words, you’ll have to match the amount of bolus insulin that you take to the amount of carbohydrates that you eat. If you plan to eat a meal that’s high in carbohydrates, you’ll need to take more bolus insulin beforehand. If you plan to eat a low-carb meal, you’ll take less bolus insulin beforehand.
You can also take bolus insulin to correct a high blood sugar. Your doctor will likely give you a “correction factor” to help you figure out how much insulin you need. This is also commonly known as a sliding scale.
Many factors affect the type and amount of basal or bolus insulin that you might need to take, including:
- how much insulin your body
自己生产 - how sensitive or resistant you
are to insulin - how many carbohydrates you eat
- how much exercise you get
- 你有多少睡眠
- 你重多少
- 疾病或压力
- alcohol intake
- other medications, such as steroids
Any other medications you take for type 2 diabetes can affect how your body responds to insulin therapy, too. Weight loss surgery can also affect your insulin needs.
改变治疗计划，生活方式习惯，体重或整体健康状况会影响您的身体对处方胰岛素方案的反应方式。
For example, if you lose weight, your doctor might be able to lower your prescribed insulin dose. If you adjust your diet to eat fewer carbohydrates, that can also reduce the amount of insulin that you need.
On the other hand, if you gain weight, your doctor might have to increase your prescribed insulin dose. If your body becomes more resistant to insulin, which happens with weight gain, that’ll also affect the amount of insulin that you need.
Always talk to your doctor before making any changes to your insulin regimen.
学好如何你当前的治疗计划是working, it’s important to test your blood sugar according to your doctor’s recommendations. For example, they’ll likely advise you to use home testing equipment to monitor and log your blood sugar each day. They’ll also order A1C tests, which provide information about your average blood sugar levels over the past three months.
如果您发现很难使用当前的治疗计划管理血糖水平，请与您的医生交谈。他们可能建议您对您的胰岛素治疗方案或其他处方治疗进行更改。
如果您已经处方了胰岛素治疗，您的医疗保健团队将与您合作，以确保您拥有有效使用胰岛素所需的一切。它们还可以帮助您养成更健康的生活方式习惯，这可能会减少所需的胰岛素量。
切勿在不先与医生交谈的情况下更改胰岛素方案。遵循规定的治疗计划对于保护健康和降低糖尿病并发症的风险至关重要。