What is a type 1 diabetes diet?
保持健康的饮食对于type 1 diabetesmanagement. A type 1 diabetes diet is designed to provide maximum nutrition, while also monitoring intake of carbohydrates, protein, and fat.
但是，没有单一的普通糖尿病饮食。它涉及注意你是如何吃的以及你的身体如何应对某些食物。
Why to follow a type 1 diabetes diet
People with type 1 diabetes need to monitor their blood sugar levels. Without proper diet, exercise, and insulin therapy, a person with type 1 diabetes could experience health complications.
Complications associated with type 1 diabetes include:
- vision problems
- high blood pressure, which increases the risk for heart attack, stroke, and poor circulation
- 肾脏伤害
- 神经损伤
- skin sores and infections, which can cause pain and may lead to tissue death
遵循适当的膳食指南可以帮助mitigate the difficulties of type 1 diabetes and help you avoid health complications. It can also improve your overall quality of life.
Preparing for a type 1 diabetes diet
糖尿病没有标准饮食。营养学家或营养师可以帮助您提出膳食计划，并长期创造为您工作的饮食。
当你短暂的时间和金钱时，很容易到达快餐和其他加工食品。然而，这些食品提供最小的营养，脂肪，糖和盐含量高。提前规划膳食和经常购物的杂货店可以帮助减少任何“紧急饮食”。
A well-stocked kitchen of healthy food can also cut down on unnecessary sugar, carbohydrates, sodium, and fat that can spike blood sugar.
An important aspect of any diabetic diet is consistency. To maintain blood sugar levels:
- 不要跳过吃饭
- 每天尝试在同一时间吃饭
- 注意食品标签
胰岛素的重要性
It’s also important to work with your healthcare provider to calculate the correct dosage of insulin for your carbohydrate intake.
有两种类型的胰岛素覆盖：
- 丸, which is prescribed as an insulin-to-carbohydrate ratio and represents how many grams of carbohydrates are covered by 1 unit of insulin
- basal，这是当您禁食时或在膳食之间取代胰岛素的背景胰岛素剂量。
Finding your correct carbohydrate-to-insulin balance will be crucial for deterring high or low blood sugar. In addition, it will be important to monitor activity level and its impact on your blood sugar and medications as well.
Importance of exercise
According to theAmerican Diabetes Association (ADA), regular physical activity is important for overall health and wellness regardless of the type of diabetes you have.
To learn how different types of activity will affect you, it’s important to check blood sugar before, during, and after exercise.
Recommended blood sugar level
According to theMayo Clinic，白天血糖的推荐范围在80至130毫克/血液中的血液（Mg / dl）之间。吃两小时，你的血糖不应高于180 mg / dl。
Starting a type 1 diabetes diet
It’s important to include nutritious foods that are high in vitamins and minerals. For general health recommendations, choosing healthy fats, proteins, and nutrient-dense carbohydrates is optimal.
If you’re having trouble managing type 1 diabetes, work with your doctor or dietitian to help manage your medications and timing of eating. You should also discuss the portions of carbs per meal that would be appropriate based on your needs.
您还需要进行锻炼，并确定您的活动水平的碳水化合物需求。
Here are some basic recommendations:
Carbohydrates
这re are three types of carbohydrates: starches, sugars, and fiber.
这y can come in the form of beans, starchy vegetables, fruits, pasta, or bread. Carbohydrates turn into sugar in your digestive tract and are then absorbed into your bloodstream. This raises your glucose level.
It’s important to manage carbohydrate intake if you have type 1 diabetes.一些碳水化合物将比其他人更快地行动血糖。如果您正在经历低血糖水平，请选择一个快速的碳水化合物，这将容易消化并吸收到血液中是最好的。
通常，从大约15克的碳水化合物开始时应该足够。然后重新检查你的血糖，如果你的阅读仍然很低，还有15克。
具有15克碳水化合物的快速作用碳水化合物的实例包括：
- 1/2 cup of fruit juice
- 1 small fresh fruit (4 ounces)
- 4 to 6 crackers
- 2 tablespoons of raisins
- 1 tablespoon of honey
水果
水果are natural sources of sugar and should be counted as carbohydrates if you’re using a diet plan.
You can choose fresh or frozen. It’s important to understand how many carbohydrates are in certain portions of fruit. This will help you manage your blood sugar and insulin levels.
Examples of fruit portions that contain 15 grams of carbohydrates include:
- 1/2 cup of canned fruit
- 1/4 cup of dried fruit
- 1 small fresh fruit
- 3 ounces of grapes
- 1杯甜瓜或浆果
- 1/2 cup of fruit juice
Keep in mind that you don’t have to limit yourself to only 15 grams per meal or snack. But it’s important to know how many carbs are in certain servings based on your insulin needs and overall blood sugar management plan.
蔬菜
淀粉是一种糖的形式，天然发生在许多常见的蔬菜中，例如土豆，玉米和豌豆。淀粉类蔬菜含有比其他蔬菜更多的碳水化合物，应适度食用，并在计算碳水化合物摄入量时占用。
Non-starchy vegetables have a lower impact on your blood sugar and are rich in vitamins, minerals, fiber, and phytochemicals. You can eat up to three cups of these types of veggies per meal without having a major impact on your blood sugar.
算数超过三杯杯，大约15克碳水化合物，以及以下任何东西都被视为“自由”。这些包括：
- green leafy vegetables
- 芦笋
- 甜菜
- 萝卜
- 芹菜
- cucumber
- 洋葱
- peppers
- 豆芽
- 番茄
始终选择新鲜或冷冻的蔬菜而无需添加盐或酱汁。
Portions of starchy vegetables that have 15 grams of carbs include:
- 3 ounces of a baked potato
- 1/2杯玉米
- 1/2 cup of sweet potatoes or boiled potatoes
- 1/2杯豌豆
- 1杯冬季壁球
Whole grains
Whole grains are a nutritious and fibrous starch. It’s recommended that at least 50 percent of grains eaten should be whole. Brown rice, bran cereal, and whole-grain breads are great sources.
读取标签并注意一次入口，以确保您的血糖用您的药物调节。
蛋白质和脂肪
蛋白质在维持肌肉和修复伤口方面非常重要，而健康的脂肪是最佳的大脑和心脏功能所必需的。
Proteins are found in beans and eggs as well as meat. Examples of healthy fats include avocado, nuts, and seeds.
虽然蛋白质和脂肪不会直接提高你的血糖，但专家建议您限制摄入的加工或脂肪肉，该肉类含有较高水平的饱和脂肪和钠。
While these substances have no direct effect on blood sugar, eating too much of them can have harmful health effects, especially heart disease.
When to eat
知道何时吃的是了解要吃什么的重要性。
吃小餐和逐步零食throughout the day can make your blood sugar easier to monitor and prevent levels from peaking.
Your doctor and a registered dietitian or certified diabetes educator can help you calculate your exact insulin needs to support your carbohydrate intake and avoid blood sugar highs and lows.
水果, vegetables, nuts, and other foods travel easily and are great to have on hand when you need them. A healthy breakfast can get your blood sugar back up after a night’s rest.
运动和身体活动会降低血糖。如果您打算进行激烈的运动，您将希望在锻炼之前和之后测量血糖。这将让您知道您必须吃多少以保持健康的水平。
这ADAhas a full listing of common foods and drinks and how they’ll affect your diabetes diet.
这takeaway
与糖尿病一起生活意味着您必须更加谨慎，以及它如何影响您的身体。您的医生，营养师和营养师可以帮助您形成适合您的膳食计划。