肌腱是坚固的，含有胶原蛋白的绳状组织。他们将您的肌肉连接到骨头。肌腱病，也称为tendinosis，指肌腱中的胶原蛋白崩溃。除了降低灵活性和运动范围外，这还会引起灼痛

虽然肌腱病会影响任何肌腱，但在以下情况下更常见。

继续阅读以了解有关肌腱病的更多信息，包括它与肌腱炎的比较以及如何治疗。

Some people use the terms tendinopathy and tendonitis interchangeably. While the two have almost identical symptoms, they’re different conditions.

Tendinopathy is a degeneration of the collagen protein that forms the tendon. Tendonitis, on the other hand, is just inflammation of the tendon.

虽然您可能更熟悉肌腱炎，但 专家相信 腱子病变衰退,实际上是越来越普遍。这是居st not recognized and diagnosed as often as tendonitis is.

肌腱病和肌腱炎通常都是由肌腱过度使用或突然的压力引起的。衰老和缺乏肌肉张力也可以在肌腱病的发展中发挥作用。

Doctors previously thought that tendinopathy was an eventual result of tendonitis. But after looking at samples of injured tendons under a microscope, many now believe it’s the other way around — tendonitis is an eventual result of tendinopathy.

This relatively new understanding about the underlying causes and progression of tendinopathy has resulted in changes to common treatment approaches.

医生经常建议人们服用非处方非甾体类抗炎药（NSAIDS），例如布洛芬（Advil）肌腱病。请记住，他们曾经认为肌腱炎症在肌腱病的发展中起着重要作用。

用于治疗肌腱病的其他抗炎药包括：

  • diclofenac (Voltaren, Zipsor), a prescription-only NSAID
  • 注射皮质类固醇，例如Triamcinolone acotonide（Volon A）

但是，有些医生现在开始质疑这种治疗方法，因为他们更好地了解炎症与肌腱病之间的关系。

There’s also growing evidence that NSAIDs may actually slow down the recovery process.

For example, a 2013年研究 发现双氯芬酸和皮质类固醇注射实际上减慢了小鼠新肌腱细胞生长的速度。一个 较旧的研究 from 2004 found that ibuprofen had a similar effect on Achilles tendon cells in mice.

While NSAIDs and corticosteroids aren’t being used as much to treat tendinopathy, there are plenty of other options. Most people find that a combination of home treatment and physical therapy works best. But if you have a more severe case, you may need surgery.

家庭治疗

Treating tendinopathy usually starts with giving the injured area plenty of rest. But it’s important to still be lightly active to maintain your strength and overall health. If your Achilles tendon is affected, for example, consider opting for low-impact activities, such as swimming.

如果您由于工作要求而无法避免在该区域重复压力，请尝试每15分钟的工作时间进行1分钟的休息时间，或每20至30分钟的休息时间5分钟。

You can also try the RICE method, which is often very effective for tendon injuries:

  • Rest。尽可能地远离受影响的身体部位。
  • Ice. Wrap an ice pack in a light towel and hold it to the affected area for 20 minutes. You can do this up to eight times a day.
  • C压缩。将该区域包裹在弹性绷带中，确保它不会太紧。
  • E左旋。在枕头或其他设备上保持受影响区域的升高。这可以帮助减少任何肿胀。

Physical therapy

物理治疗师还可以帮助您通过轻柔的运动来重建力量并刺激肌腱愈合。您的医生可以将您转诊给合格的物理治疗师。

有几种技术,物理席拉pist might use to treat tendinopathy, but two common ones include:

  • deep transverse friction massage, a type of connective tissue massage that can help to stimulate cell activity and generate new collagen fibers
  • eccentric exercises, which force your muscles to lengthen while they contract, rather than shorten

Surgery

If you have severe tendinopathy that doesn’t respond to any other treatment, your doctor may recommend tendon repair surgery. They’ll probably recommend you do some physical therapy during the recovery process, which can take up to 12 weeks.

如果您需要帮助寻找初级保健医生或物理治疗师，则可以通过Healthline FindCare tool.

了解有关肌腱修复手术的更多信息，包括完成方式和潜在风险。

虽然肌腱病可能非常痛苦，但有几件事可以帮助控制疼痛。对于许多人来说，家庭治疗和物理疗法的结合可以缓解。但是，如果您的症状没有显示出任何改善的迹象，则可能是时候考虑肌腱修复手术了。