什么是出牙综合征？

Teething syndrome — or simply “teething” — is a normal process that some infants go through as their teeth break, or cut, through their gums. According to the American Dental Association, babies start teething when they are between 6 and 12 months old. By the time a child is 3 years old, they should have a first or primary set of 20 teeth.

有牙齿意味着你的孩子将能够吃一个更大的食物，但在婴儿和家长中都能艰难。有些方法可以让您的孩子在此过程中更加舒适，并且有迹象表明在拨打儿科医生的时候发出信号。

Understanding why babies teethe

婴儿出生在牙龈下面有一整套牙齿。在生命的第一年，这些牙齿开始切割牙龈。

这些牙齿在阶段突破牙龈。通常，经典的底齿 - 通常被称为钉子 - 首先进一步，然后是顶牙。从这一点开始，剩下的牙齿将在三年内切穿牙龈，根据American Academy of Pediatrics. Some children may even get their full sets of teeth after 2 years of age.

症状associated with teething

Each infant has a unique mix of symptoms during teething. The most common symptoms are mild irritability and a lack of appetite.

Many babies have few or no symptoms when their teeth break through the gums. Some babies will show at least one or two of the following symptoms when they begin to teethe:

  • 流口水
  • chewing on solid objects
  • mild fussiness and crankiness
  • 易怒
  • 食欲不振
  • sore and tender gums
  • 红色和肿胀的牙龈

Relieving your baby’s teething pain

While teething is a natural process, there are sometried and true methods帮助缓解宝宝的不适。您可以尝试用湿毛巾，清洁手指或特殊的牙龈摩擦手指垫擦拭孩子的牙龈。

出牙戒指也是受欢迎的选择。婴儿可以咀嚼这些，以缓解不适。如果可以，请事先冷却冰箱中的出牙环。这为牙龈提供了压力以及舒缓的凉爽。你不应该冻结戒指，因为它可以打破和可能扼杀你的婴儿。

With time, you should begin to introduce harder foods, like cold fruit and vegetables, to your baby’s diet. This is an important milestone that can also alleviate teething discomfort. Make sure to stay with the child at all times so you can monitor their chewing and prevent choking.

During teething, a baby’s constant drooling can irritate their skin. Use a bib to keep your baby’s chin as dry as possible.

救济与药物

If your infant is really having a tough time, you might want to give them infant acetaminophen to relieve discomfort. You can also apply a teething gel. However, avoid gels that contain choline salicylate and benzocaine. These are not safe for infants, since they can reduce the levels of oxygen in the blood. Teething gels give only brief, if any, relief.

There are other supposed remedies out there that should be avoided. In fact, such methods can actually harm your baby. Never:

  • give a baby aspirin or rub it on the gums
  • use alcohol on the baby’s gums
  • put completely frozen objects directly on the gums
  • allow your child to chew on hard plastic toys — this poses both an oral health risk as well as a choking hazard

Many parents believe that high fever and diarrhea are also symptoms of teething, but this is usually not the case. Contact your pediatrician if your baby develops a fever or diarrhea, or if they’re having continued discomfort.

Outlook

出牙是婴幼儿的生长和发展的自然部分。由于疼痛和不适，父母很容易对这个过程感到焦虑。知道出牙的症状最终会通过，而你的孩子将有一天有一颗健康的牙齿，感谢你的努力，保持良好的口腔卫生。您的儿童儿科医生或家庭医生应解决任何特定的疑虑或长期不适。