咽喉炎basics

咽喉炎是由细菌引起的吗Streptococcus pyogenes（A组链球菌）。常见的体征和症状包括：

If your child develops strep throat, they may also experience vomiting, stomachache, and headache.

咽喉炎is highly contagious and can lead to serious complications. Learn how to lower your chances of getting strep throat — and if you get it, how to treat it and protect people around you.

Hand-washing is one of the best ways to prevent the spread of common infections, including strep throat. It’s especially helpful when you’re spending time in places where harmful germs are more common, such as hospitals, nursing homes, child care centers, and schools.

全天定期洗手，尤其是：

  • 之前you prepare or eat food
  • 之前you touch your eyes, nose, or mouth
  • 之前and after you spend time with someone who is ill
  • after you use the bathroom or change a diaper
  • after you sneeze, cough, or blow your nose

Running your hands under water for a few seconds isn’t enough to kill germs. Make it count!

用干净的水弄湿您的手。然后用肥皂起泡。擦洗手指之间，手指之间和指甲下方至少20秒钟。这大约需要两次唱“生日快乐”歌曲。很好地冲洗双手。然后用干净的毛巾或手工干燥。

用肥皂和水洗手是保持清洁的最佳方法。有时，当您无法获得肥皂和水时，请改用洗手液。它的效果不佳，但是如果它由60％或更多的酒精组成，它可能会杀死很多细菌。

Carry hand sanitizer with you, especially when you’re traveling somewhere without washrooms, sinks, or clean water. Read and follow the package directions to use it properly.

You and your family members can take simple steps to help stop the spread of infection at home. For example, if someone in your household has strep throat, don’t share food, drinks, eating utensils, or place settings with them. Avoid sharing face cloths, towels, and pillowcases with them too. Wash all dishes, kitchen utensils, and laundry in hot soapy water. Remember to cover your mouth and nose when you sneeze or cough, using a tissue or the inner crook of your elbow.

如果您怀疑自己有链球菌性喉咙，请与医生预约。他们可以使用简单的喉咙培养来用链球菌喉咙诊断您。如果您测试呈阳性Streptococcus pyogenes，他们可能会开处方抗生素。您的症状应开始迅速改善，通常在开始一轮抗生素后的24至48小时内。

抗生素的过程可能持续两周。为了防止风湿病和链球菌性喉咙的其他严重副作用，即使感觉好些，也必须完成所有处方药。

In addition to antibiotics, your doctor may encourage you to take over-the-counter medications to relieve your symptoms. For example, ibuprofen and acetaminophen can ease a sore throat and reduce fever. You can also gargle warm salt water a few times a day to help relieve a sore throat.

如果您的孩子患有链球菌性喉咙，您的医生可能会建议您避免给他们阿司匹林。这可能导致一种称为雷耶综合症的严重疾病。

In addition to medications, simple dietary changes may help you manage the symptoms of strep throat. For example, drink lots of water. It will keep you hydrated and moisten your throat so it’s easier to swallow. Choose foods that are soft and easy to swallow, such as soup, yogurt, and ice cream. Citrus and spicy foods will probably irritate your sore throat.

如果您有一个不吃链球菌的孩子，请尝试在搅拌机中放食物，或提供明胶或冰球。

休息是您可以做的最重要的事情之一，以恢复自己的力量并支持免疫系统。确保您晚上有足够的睡眠。下班或上学一两天。并且在感觉更好之前，不要从事剧烈的活动。从定期的活动中抽出时间也可以帮助您阻止链球菌性喉咙向社区的其他成员传播。

The symptoms of strep throat sometimes go away on their own. But if you don’t treat it properly, strep throat can lead to other serious illnesses, including rheumatic fever. If your child has strep throat, they’re more likely to develop this potentially life-threatening complication. Antibiotics are the only way to protect against it.

If you think you or someone in your family has strep throat, make an appointment immediately. Your doctor can help you treat the infection and prevent its spread to others.