What is septoplasty?
隔膜是骨骼和软骨的壁，将鼻子分成两个单独的鼻孔。一个deviated septumoccurs when your septum is moved to one side of your nose.
Some people are born with a deviated septum, but it can also be caused by aninjury to your nose。Most people with a deviated septum have one nasal passage that’s much smaller than the other. This can cause difficulty breathing. Other symptoms of a deviated septum may include frequentnosebleeds一个nd面部疼痛。Surgery is the only way to fix a deviated septum.
隔膜成形术is a surgical procedure to correct a deviated septum. Septoplasty straightens the septum, allowing for better airflow through your nose.
Your doctor may ask you to stop taking certain medications two weeks before the surgery. These medications may include aspirin (Bufferin), ibuprofen (Advil), and other血液稀释剂。This is done to reduce your risk of excessive bleeding during and after the procedure. Be sure to tell your doctor if you’re allergic to certain medications or if you have a history of bleeding problems.
在某些情况下，人们在局部麻醉下进行隔膜成形术，这使该区域难以防止疼痛。但是，大多数人在全身麻醉下进行手术，这意味着他们在手术过程中睡着了。
Don’t eat or drink anything after midnight the night before the procedure if you’re going to be under general anesthesia. This will help prevent you fromvomiting一个nd choking if you becomenauseated手术期间的麻醉。
Bring a family member or friend who can drive you home after the septoplasty. General anesthesia may make you drowsy after the procedure. You shouldn’t drive until the effects have fully worn off.
您的医生可能会在手术前拍照。比较过程前后的照片可以帮助您了解鼻子的变化。
隔膜成形术需要30到90分钟的时间才能完成，具体取决于病情的复杂性。您将在本地或全身麻醉下进行，具体取决于您和您的医生认为最适合您的事情。
在典型的过程中，外科医生在鼻子的一侧切开一个切口，以进入隔膜。接下来，它们抬起粘膜，这是隔膜的保护性覆盖物。然后偏离的隔膜被移至正确的位置。任何障碍物，例如额外的骨头或软骨，都可以去除。最后一步是重新定位粘膜。
You may need stitches to hold the septum and membrane in place. However, packing the nose with cotton is sometimes enough to keep them in position.
如果有些人对结果不满意，他们将需要第二次手术。与隔膜成形术相关的其他风险很少，但可以包括：
- bleeding
- scarring
- 隔膜的穿孔，当隔隔中的一个孔形成时发生
- 鼻子的改变
- 鼻子的变色
- 一个decreased sense of smell
过多的出血和感染是任何手术的可能风险。保持鼻子清洁并经常洗手可以降低这些风险。
除非发生重大并发症，否则通常将隔膜成形术作为门诊手术。这意味着，一旦麻醉已经消失，您就可以在手术的同一天回家。您的鼻子会肿胀，疼痛，并挤满棉花以控制出血。手术后一两天可以清除包装。您的医生还会根据需要开处方止痛药。
您的医生可能会要求您避免阿司匹林，布洛芬和其他血液稀薄的药物。这样做是为了降低手术后出血问题的风险。
手术后几周内还应限制身体活动，以最大程度地减少肿胀并促进愈合。这包括大多数形式的激烈运动，例如跑步，举重和玩接触运动。这些活动会增加您的血压并导致大量出血。
Tips for a quicker recovery include:
- 晚上抬起头以保持肿胀
- not blowing your nose for at least three days after surgery
- wearing shirts that button up in the front so you won’t have to pull clothing over your head
鼻子上的伤口会很快愈合，并且手术后不久您的呼吸可能会改善。但是，整体愈合过程可能会很慢。软骨和其他鼻组织可能需要长达一年的时间才能完全陷入新形状。
Most people experience no ongoing symptoms after the surgery. In some cases, however, the cartilage and nasal tissues continue to shift over time and eventually block airflow through the nose again. This means that a second surgery will be needed to reshape the nose and septum further.