Secondhand smoke refers to the fumes that are emitted when smokers use:

  • 香烟
  • pipes
  • cigars
  • other tobacco products

第一手吸烟和二手烟都会引起严重的健康影响。虽然直接吸烟更糟，但两者具有类似的不良健康影响。

Secondhand smoke is also called:

  • 侧流烟
  • 环境烟雾
  • 被动烟
  • 非自愿烟

吸气二手烟的非吸烟者受烟中含有化学物质的影响。

According to the 世界卫生组织（WHO） ，在烟草烟雾中发现了7,000多种化学物质。总的来说，至少有69个是癌变的。超过250种有害于其他方式。

Fluids such as blood and urine in nonsmokers might test positive for nicotine, carbon monoxide, and formaldehyde. The longer you’re exposed to secondhand smoke, the greater the risk you are of inhaling these toxic chemicals.

在任何可能正在吸烟的地方，都会发生二手烟。这些地方可以包括：

  • bars
  • 汽车
  • homes
  • parties
  • 休闲区
  • 餐馆
  • 工作场所

As the public learns more about the harmful effects of smoking, overall smoking rates continue to go down among teens and adults. However, according to the 疾病控制与预防中心（CDC） ，，，，58 million American nonsmokers are still exposed to secondhand smoke.

Overall, WHO estimates that 1.2 million premature deaths per year are related to secondhand smoke worldwide.

这是一个严重的健康问题，可能会影响暴露于二手烟的成年人和儿童。

这only way to eliminate such risks is to stay away from tobacco smoke entirely.

Secondhand smoke exposure is common in adults.

You might work with others who smoke around you, or you might be exposed during social or recreational events. You might also live with a family member who smokes.

在成年人中，二手烟可能导致：

Cardiovascular diseases

Nonsmokers who are exposed to secondhand smoke are at a 25-30％ greater risk ofheart diseaseand have a higher risk ofstroke。

Also, smoke exposure can make preexisting cases of高血压更差。

呼吸疾病

Adults may develop asthma and have frequent respiratory illnesses. If you already have哮喘，在烟草烟雾周围可能会使您的症状恶化。

肺癌

二手烟甚至可能导致肺癌在不直接吸烟产品的成年人中。

吸烟的人生活或与某人一起工作可能会增加您的肺癌风险 30 percent 。

Other cancers

Among the possibilities include:

Cancers of the sinus cavity are also possible.

尽管常规的二手烟暴露会导致成人各种健康问题，但儿童更容易受到烟草烟雾的影响。这是因为他们的身体和器官仍处于发育阶段。

孩子们在抽烟时没有发言权。这使限制相关风险更具挑战性。

这health consequences of secondhand smoke in children include:

  • 肺部健康影响。这包括延迟的肺发育和哮喘。
  • Respiratory infections.Children exposed to secondhand smoke have more frequent infections.肺炎and支气管炎是最常见的。
  • 耳朵感染。这se often occur in the middle ear and are frequent in nature.
  • Worsening asthma symptoms，例如咳嗽和喘息。患有哮喘的儿童也可能会因频繁二手烟雾暴露而遭受哮喘发作。
  • Constant cold or asthma-like symptoms.这se include coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath, as well as sneezing and runny nose.
  • 脑部肿瘤。这se might develop later in life, too.

Infants are even more vulnerable to the effects of secondhand smoke because it can causesudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)。

Pregnant women who are exposed to secondhand smoke may also deliver children with low birth weights.

这 WHO estimates that 65,000 fatalities are reported in children related to secondhand smoke. As a parent, one of the best ways you can prevent secondhand smoke exposure for your child is to戒烟你自己。

You don’t have to smoke a cigarette yourself to get the adverse health effects of smoking.

鉴于二手烟的众多健康影响，避免越来越被视为人权。

这就是为什么许多州制定了禁止在公共区域（例如餐馆，学校和医院）和操场上烟雾的法律的原因。

尽管制定了无吸烟法，但完全保护非吸烟者免受二手烟雾的唯一方法是戒烟。

如果您住在多单元房屋中，可以在房间和公寓之间旅行香烟。在开放区域外面或在室内吸烟者周围打开窗户几乎没有阻止二手烟的影响。

If you’re around tobacco smoke, the only way you can fully eliminate exposure is by leaving the affected place entirely.

这problem according to the CDC 但是，大多数二手烟暴露在家庭和工作现场内发生。

In such cases, it’s nearly impossible to avoid secondhand smoke as a nonsmoker. This is especially true for children whose parents smoke inside houses and cars.

戒烟是保护非吸烟者免受二手烟的最佳方法。