Gingivitis
Gingivitisis a common gum disease (periodontal disease). It presents as swelling and redness of your gums around the base of your teeth. Improper oral hygiene typically causes it.
治疗usually includes a professionaldental cleaningfollowed by a good oral hygiene routine. Later stages of the condition may require surgical treatment.
口腔溃疡
Also calledcanker sores，口腔溃疡是小的，疼痛的疮，在牙龈，嘴唇内和脸颊内形成。这National Health Service说它们通常是由以下方式触发的：
- minor injury, such as accidentally咬你的脸颊
- aggressive brushing
- recent dental work
- dietslow in vitamin B-12, folic acid, iron, or zinc
- using toothpastes and mouthwashes withLauryl硫酸盐
- food sensitivity to spicy or acidic foods
- inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
- celiac disease
- conditions affecting your immune system
治疗for mouth ulcers isn’t typically needed, as they tend to clear on their own. If they grow large or last for more than a couple of weeks, your doctor might recommend prescription mouthwash with dexamethasone or lidocaine.
非处方（OTC）凝胶，糊状或液体也可能有所帮助。选项包括：
- hydrogen peroxide
- benzocaine (Anbesol, Orabase)
- fluocinonide(Vanos, Lidex) — needs a prescription and it’s for external use only (always check with your dentist or doctor)
You may also consider eating foods containing higher levels of the following vitamins and minerals:
Some cancers, such aslung cancer和食道癌,会让你咳血痰。这个may look like bloody saliva if some blood stays in your mouth, but the blood’s actually not in your saliva.
Cancers that can cause you to have blood in your saliva are:
- 口腔癌。这也称为oral cancer or oral cavity cancer. It occurs on the inside of your mouth on your gums, tongue, cheeks, or on the roof or floor of your mouth.
- Throat cancer.This癌症presents as tumors that develop in your pharynx (throat), larynx (voice box), or tonsils.
- Leukemia.This cancer affects your血和骨髓.
治疗
Your doctor will discuss treatment options tailored to the stage of the cancer, its specific location, the癌症类型, your current health, and a number of other factors. Treatment might include:
- surgery
- 放射治疗
- chemotherapy
- 有针对性的药物治疗
- biological therapy
尝试与您的牙医定期预约每6个月进行清洁和考试。如果您注意到症状，例如：
- recurring canker sores
- 牙龈出血after brushing or flossing
- tender, swollen, or red gums
- gums pulling away from teeth
- loose teeth
- 非典型灵敏度to hot or cold
- trouble swallowing
您可以使用Healthline FindCare tool.
如果您在唾液中看到血液，并且没有解释，例如侵略性的刷牙，溃疡或咬舌头，请尽可能将其带上牙医。
In the meantime, practicegood dental hygiene:
- 每天刷两次。
- Floss daily.
- 用氟化物使用漱口水。
