流鼻涕是许多疾病的症状。它的特征是从鼻孔排出或滴下粘液。

粘液是一种保护性的物质产生的μcous membrane, a type of tissue lining the nasal cavity. Mucus moistens the air you breathe, and it acts as a barrier to keep dust, pollen, and bacteria out of your lungs.

Your nose produces mucus every day, yet you probably don’t notice because it mixes with saliva and drips down the back of your throat.

有时，鼻腔通道中的刺激或炎症会导致粘液产生增加。发生这种情况时，多余的粘液会从鼻子上沥干或滴水。

这是鼻子流鼻涕的15个常见原因。

室内和室外过敏can trigger an allergic response. Allergens include:

  • 灰尘
  • pollen
  • ragweed
  • pet dander

Allergens cause symptoms such as打喷嚏, aheadache, or a咽喉痛。这些吸入的颗粒也会刺激鼻腔，导致过量的粘液和流鼻涕。

To cope with allergies and reduce drainage from the nose, limit exposure to substances that trigger a reaction. Many over-the-counter (OTC) antihistamines can block histamine and stop an allergic response.

If these medications don’t work, ask your doctor about prescription antihistamines.

这普通感冒, or an upper respiratory infection, causes inflammation in the mucous membrane lining of the nose, resulting in too much mucus. In addition to a runny nose, the common cold can sometimes cause nasal congestion.

Other symptoms include coughing, a sore throat, and fatigue. There isn’t a cure for the common cold, but OTC cold medications can help relieve symptoms. Getting plenty of rest, taking vitamin C, and drinking hot liquids may help you feel better sooner.

许多人误解了antibiotics对于治疗常见的冷症状是必要的。事实并非如此。Antibiotics应仅用于治疗细菌感染，例如鼻窦感染。它们不能有效治疗病毒感染。

Sinusitis(sinus infection) is a complication of the common cold. It occurs when the cavities around your nasal passage become inflamed. This inflammation also triggers an increase in mucus production in the nose.

Other symptoms of sinusitis include a headache, nasal congestion, and facial pain.

Treatment can involve pain medication, use of a nasal corticosteroid to stop inflammation, or an antibiotic to kill the bacterial infection.

在这种情况下，鼻腔通道之间的墙在一侧流离失所或弯曲。有些人天生有deviated septum，但这也可能是由于鼻子受伤而导致的。

A deviated septum can lead to repeated sinus infections and inflammation around the nasal passage, causing a runny nose.

Your doctor may recommend an antihistamine or a nasal steroid spray to manage this symptom. If this doesn’t work, surgery can correct a deviated septum.

这流感virus also causes inflammation in the mucous membrane of the nose. The flu is highly contagious and other symptoms can include:

  • fever
  • 肌肉疼痛
  • chills
  • headache
  • 拥塞
  • 疲倦

OTC cold or flu medications can help relieve symptoms and reduce pain. Ingredients in these medications typically include a decongestant, a fever reducer, and a pain reliever.

流感症状可能会在一到两周内改善。

Even though medication is available to help relieve excess mucus production, a few may trigger a runny nose in some people.

可能的罪魁祸首包括：

Read the label on medications for a list of common side effects. When a medication triggers a runny nose, this is due to nonallergic rhinitis.

Nonallergic rhinitis (vasomotor rhinitis）的特征在于鼻腔和模仿花粉症（流鼻涕和打喷嚏）中的炎症。然而，这些症状是由于未知原因引起的，没有由组胺或过敏原触发。

In addition to medication-induced nonallergic rhinitis, other factors that can trigger this form of rhinitis include a change in temperature, bright sunlight, or an underlying health problem.

Oral antihistamines are ineffective for nonallergic rhinitis, but you may find relief with a nasal antihistamine or a saline nasal spray.

激素失衡也会引起鼻血血管的炎症和扩大，导致非过敏性鼻炎。这可能在青春期内发生，如果您服用避孕药或激素替代疗法。

A nasal antihistamine or saline nasal spray may relieve symptoms.

干燥的空气不仅会使皮肤干燥，还可以使您的鼻腔通道干燥。这破坏了鼻子内部的流体平衡，导致炎症反应并触发流鼻涕。

This can happen in cold weather or when there’s dry air inside of your home due to heat. To help manage dry air inside the home, use a humidifier to add moisture back into the air. You should also wear a scarf to cover your mouth and nose when going outdoors in the winter.

这se benign growths on the lining inside the nose are due to an inflamed mucous membrane. When the mucous membrane becomes inflamed, excess mucus production brings on a runny nose and postnasal drip.

Other symptoms of a鼻息include:

  • loss of smell
  • sinus pressure
  • 打s
  • headache

Your doctor can prescribe a nasal corticosteroid spray to shrink a polyp. They may also prescribe an antibiotic to treat an accompanying sinus infection.

根据息肉的严重程度，鼻窦手术可以消除生长。

Even though nasal sprays can reduce inflammation in the nose, overuse can have a rebound effect and make nasal symptoms worse.

通常，您不应该使用OTC鼻喷雾剂进行more than five daysin a row. Using a nasal spray in the long term can lead to chronic sinus infections, which can trigger a runny nose. Once you stop using a nasal spray, nasal symptoms may improve within a few days or weeks.

This is a virus that causes cold-like symptoms and infections in the lungs and respiratory tract. It can occur in children and adults. An infection in the respiratory tract can lead to inflammation in the nasal passage and a runny nose.

其他常见症状包括：

  • 拥塞
  • dry cough
  • 低级发烧
  • 咽喉痛
  • headache

Treatment involves:

  • plenty of fluids
  • 降低发烧
  • 盐水鼻滴
  • an antibiotic, if there’s a bacterial infection

Severe infections may require hospitalization.

辛辣食物也可能导致流鼻涕由于一种非过敏性鼻炎形式，称为味觉鼻炎。这不是由组胺或过敏原引起的，而是在吃或吸气辣味时过度刺激神经。

粘膜将香料误认为是一种刺激物，并进入保护模式，从而触发鼻腔通道以产生额外的粘液以去除刺激性。这是一个暂时的反应，进食后不久，流鼻涕就停止了。

吃较少香料的食物可以帮助阻止这种反应。

烟雾是一种刺激性，还可以触发粘膜产生额外的粘液。如果您在吸烟者或充满烟雾的房间里，您可能会流淌着鼻子。

In most cases, removing yourself from a smoky area will reverse this reaction.

Hormonal changes during pregnancy can also lead to excess mucus and trigger a runny nose. It’s estimated that nonallergic rhinitis affects about 20 percent of pregnant women. In fact, it’s a常见的issue among women during pregnancy.

A runny nose can develop at any point during pregnancy, but symptoms usually disappear after delivery. Raising the head of your bed about 30 degrees and doing light to moderate exercise may help improve nasal symptoms.

Ask your doctor or pharmacist about antihistamines that are safe for use during pregnancy.

普通的流鼻涕罪魁祸首包括感冒和过敏，但其他潜在问题也可能发生。

流鼻涕通常会自我保健自行清除。但是，请去看医生的鼻腔分泌物，其黄色或绿色，或伴有疼痛。

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