胎盘是一种独特的怀孕器官，可以滋养宝宝。通常，它附着在子宫的顶部或侧面。婴儿通过脐带连接到胎盘上。

After your baby is delivered, the placenta follows. This is the case in most births. But there are some exceptions.

Delivery of the placenta is also known as the third stage of labor. Delivery of the entire placenta is vital to your health after giving birth. Retained placenta can cause bleeding and other unwanted side effects.

因此，医生将在分娩后检查胎盘，以确保其完整。如果子宫中留下一块胎盘或胎盘未能提供，医生还可以采取其他步骤。

胎盘是形状的，形状像煎饼或盘子。它附着在子宫的一侧，另一侧是婴儿的脐带。

胎盘在婴儿的成长方面负责许多重要功能。这包括产生激素，例如：

  • estrogen
  • 人绒毛膜促性腺激素（HCG）
  • progesterone

这placenta has two sides. The parental side is usually dark red in color, while the fetal side is shiny and almost translucent in color. After the baby is born, a doctor will examine the placenta to ensure each side appears as it is expected to.

Some people ask to save their placenta and will boil it to eat it or even dehydrate it and encapsulate it into pills. In fact, some people believe that taking the pills will reduce postpartum depression or postpartum anemia. However, scientific studies have not proven these effects.

Other people plant the placenta in the ground as a symbolic gesture of the connection between life and earth.

一些州和医院有关于保存胎盘的规则，因此怀孕的人应始终与他们交付的设施联系，以确保他们可以保存胎盘。

胎盘交付after a vaginal birth

In a vaginal delivery, after the baby is born, your uterus will continue to contract. These contractions will move the placenta forward for delivery. They aren’t usually as strong as labor contractions.

However, some doctors may ask you to continue to push, or they may press on your stomach as a means to advance the placenta forward. Usually, placenta delivery is quick, within about 5 minutes after having your baby. However, it can take longer for some people.

通常，在分娩后，您非常专注于第一次见到他们，并且可能不会注意到胎盘的分娩。但是，有些人在分娩后观察到额外的血液，通常是胎盘。

胎盘固定在脐带上，该脐带附着在您的宝宝上。因为脐带中没有任何神经，所以切断绳索时不会受到伤害。

这美国产科医生学院（ACOG）建议在2020年的准则中建议，除非将绳索包裹在婴儿的脖子上，否则不应将其夹紧并切开，比出生后至少30至60秒更早切割。这种延迟改善了婴儿的血红蛋白和铁水平，以及其他好处。

胎盘交付after a cesarean

如果您通过剖宫产分娩（也称为剖腹产），您的医生将在关闭子宫和胃中的切口之前从子宫中实际去除胎盘。

分娩后，您的医生可能会按摩子宫顶部（称为眼底），以鼓励其收缩并开始收缩。如果子宫无法收缩并变得更坚硬，医生可以给您签订子宫合同等药物。

Breastfeeding or chestfeeding a baby immediately after birth or placing the baby on your skin (known as skin-to-skin contact) can also cause the uterus to contract.

Regardless of how your placenta is delivered, your doctor will inspect it for intactness.

如果看来缺少胎盘的一部分，您的医生可能会建议子宫超声检查以确认。有时，分娩后过多的出血可能表明某些胎盘仍在子宫中。

A birthing person should deliver the placenta within 30 to 60 minutes after having the baby. If the placenta isn’t delivered or doesn’t come out entirely, it’s called retained placenta.

胎盘可能无法完全交付的原因包括：

  • 这cervix has closed and is too small an opening for the placenta to move through.
  • 这placenta is too tightly attached to the wall of the uterus.
  • 胎盘的一部分在交货过程中破裂或固定。

Retained placenta is a major concern because the uterus must clamp back down after giving birth. Tightening the uterus helps the blood vessels inside stop bleeding. If the placenta is retained, a person can experience bleeding or infection.

Retained portions of the placenta after delivery can lead to dangerous bleeding and infection. A doctor will typically recommend surgical removal as quickly as possible.

However, sometimes the placenta is so attached to the uterus that it isn’t possible to remove without also removing the uterus (hysterectomy).

A person is at increased risk for retained placenta if they have any of the following:

  • previous history of retained placenta
  • previous history of cesarean delivery
  • history of uterine fibroids

如果您担心保留胎盘，请在分娩前与您的医生交谈。他们可以与您讨论您的送货计划，并在胎盘交付时通知您。

出生过程可能是一个充满情感的令人兴奋的过程。通常，输送胎盘并不痛苦。

通常，出生后发生的很快，以至于新父母甚至可能没有注意到，因为他们专注于婴儿（或婴儿！）。但是，重要的是要整体递送胎盘。

如果您想保存胎盘，请始终在分娩前通知设施，医生和护士，以确保可以正确保存或存储它。