Are you experiencing pain or stiffness in your fingers? It could be a sign ofosteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative joint disease that can affect the joints in your hands and elsewhere.

他们手中的OA的人经常在被称为Heberden的节点的手指上开发颠簸。这些颠簸通常是最明显的迹象之一OA in the hands。

Heberden’s nodes are bumps that affect the part of the finger that’snearest the tip。另一种类型的Bump，Bouchard的节点影响了最接近手的关节。

Heberden’s nodes are described as “bony swellings” that form on your hands as a result of osteoarthritis.

They’re named after physician William Heberden Sr., a doctor in the 1700s. He came up with the description of these swellings.

这些公司增生发生在附近的手指关节est the fingertip, also called the distal interphalangeal joints.

类似的膨胀位于较低关节，或近端间间关节，称为Bouchard的节点。

骨关节炎通常影响：

The joints in these areas have软骨that cushions and protects the surface of your bones.

骨关节炎可能往往是由于衰老的磨损和撕裂导致，但它可以在受伤后发展。

In the case of Heberden’s nodes, there’s a degree of uncertainty about how the disease process evolves.

研究shows that the process may involve:

  • ligaments
  • tendons
  • periarthritis
  • the joint capsule

它也是 indicates that there may be some changes in soft tissue, as well as bone.

The cartilage can degrade and become unable to protect your bones. Without this protection, the bones begin to rub against each other.

This process can destroy existing bone and cause significant pain, which can be an early sign of OA and the development of nodes. Over time, the pain may lessen, but the deformity progresses.

As the cartilage continues to break down, new bone grows alongside the existing bone in the form of nodes or bony spurs.

By the time the nodes appear, your fingers may have become stiff, and the pain may have lessened.

Heberden的节点往往出现在严重的关节损伤后已经发生，因此它们通常被视为高级OA的标志，称为核桃OA。

如果您有Heberden的节点，您通常可以通过检查手指上的末端接头来查看它们。

Tiny firm-hard swellings may extend from the joint closest to your fingernail. In many cases, your fingers may twist or become crooked as the nodes form.

症状 include :

  • 失去运动
  • 疼痛
  • 肿胀
  • deformed and enlarged fingers
  • stiffness
  • weakness

这里有一些other featuresof Heberden’s nodes:

  • They can affect the fingers or thumb and are most common on the index and middle fingers.
  • You may have more than one node on a finger.
  • 它们可以缓慢或快速出现。
  • 他们经常，但并不总是，当他们开始出现时痛苦。
  • For older women with gout and hypertension and taking a diuretic, such as hydrochlorothiazide, gout can deposit crystals in the nodes, causing acute inflammation. It’s a painful condition that’s erythematous and may mimic an infection.

一些Heberden的节点的病例可能是无症状的或仅引起轻度或少数症状。

如果您有Heberden的节点，您可能难以执行需要抓握或捏合的一些任务，例如将钥匙打开或未遮盖苏打瓶。

You may feel limited in your daily activities, and it may be hard to complete tasks for work or household chores.

这会影响你的生活质量。对于某些人来说，它甚至可能导致发展心理健康障碍，例如depressionandanxiety。

Osteoarthritis is the most common type of arthritis. It often affects older people, but over一半of those who have both OA and Heberden’s nodes receive a diagnosis before age 65.

Other risk factors include:

  • hereditary conditions that affect the joints
  • 拥有OA in the knee or elsewhere in the body
  • 类风湿关节炎, which can cause joint and cartilage changes
  • gout, which can affect periarticular boney erosion
  • 拥有a family history of these nodes
  • 拥有obesity, as this may increase the risk of OA
  • doing sports or jobs that involve repetitive movements

Heberden的节点没有具体的治疗。

缓解疼痛的可能选择可能包括：

  • topical treatments containing capsaicin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which are usually given during the acute pain phase, per anecdotal evidence
  • applying heat and cold pads to manage pain and inflammation
  • devices (orthoses) aimed to support specific finger joints
  • 根据one expert, but anesthetizing the skin, with a cold spray, for example, and using a very small needle can help the process move along more smoothly and help the person better tolerate the injection
  • surgery to fuse the joints, if symptoms are severe and other options have not worked

In one small 学习 ，研究人员发现，低水平的激光治疗减少了Heberden's Codes的人们疼痛和肿胀和增加的流动性。

However, more research is necessary to identify the best ways to deliver this procedure and examine the long-term effects.

Treatments for OA of the hand

A wide range of treatments can help you manage OA of the hand, although they’re not specifically for Heberden’s nodes.

Treatmentwill aim to:

  • slow the progression of OA
  • relieve pain
  • maintain joint function and mobility
  • improve your quality of life

However, it’s not yet possible to repair damage that has already occurred.

Lifestyle choices

Experts from the 美国风湿病学院和关节炎基础（ACR / AF） 建议在您自己的待遇计划中发挥积极作用，包括学习新技能并与您的医疗保健提供者合作，为治疗做出决定。

Options may include:

  • Occupational therapy (OT), and the subspecialty hand OT.OT helps you learn new ways of using your hands. Hand OT analyzes your hand function to determine the best methods to benefit your hand OA. Examples of these methods may include splits, specific exercise programs, and assistive devices.
  • Physical therapy (PT).PT helps to enhance or maintain mobility.
  • 认知行为治疗（CBT）。CBT有助于您为正在进行的疼痛，睡眠和与压力相关问题开发应对方法。

有些人享有OA的人发现，使用弹性“关节炎手套”的开放式指尖有助于提高其手动流动性。

Experts recommend锻炼对于拥有OA的每个人，包括手的OA。

保持活跃可以帮助提高整体实力和灵活性，并且可能有助于管理压力和焦虑。具体练习可能有助于保持手指移动。

Other家庭和替代疗法include:

  • 针刺
  • paraffin, which is a type of heat therapy
  • gloves that are designed to be warmed, such as those that can be warmed in a microwave
  • 在温水和镁盐的溶液中浸泡
  • 在你的手中缠绕着暖毛巾（在微波炉中温暖或温水）

有一些证据表明这些疗法可能有助于疼痛和僵硬，尽管需要更多的研究来证实他们的益处。

避免的选择

人们有时使用以下内容，但ACR / AR强烈建议使用它们的手OA：

  • fish oil
  • vitamin D
  • 双膦酸盐
  • 氨基葡萄糖
  • chondroitin sulfate

Studies haven’t shown that these are beneficial, and some may cause adverse effects or interact with other drugs.

Medications

在柜台medicationsinclude:

  • NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen, for pain and inflammation
  • 乙酰氨基酚，疼痛
  • creams and ointments containing capsaicin or NSAIDs

If these do not work, your healthcare provider may prescribe:

  • higher dose NSAIDs
  • Duloxetine（Cymbalta）
  • corticosteroid injections, if appropriate

Occasionally抗抑郁药可能有助于缓解压力，焦虑和抑郁症，这可能发生许多慢性病。

手术

Surgical treatment is usually a last resort after conventional treatment options have proven unsuccessful, and it’s rarely done.

Joint replacement surgery is common in knee and hip OA but not for arthritis of the fingers or thumbs, as it has a low success rate.

If you’re experiencing pain, swelling, and a loss of motion in your fingers, it’s a good idea to see a doctor.

他们会：

  • 问你关于你的症状
  • request and assess your medical history and medications
  • give you aphysical exam
  • in some cases, recommend imaging tests or lab tests

如果您的医生诊断OA，他们将与您合作，以制作适合您的治疗计划。