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What is nystagmus?

Nystagmus is a condition that causes involuntary, rapid movement of one or both eyes. It often occurs with vision problems, including blurriness.

这种情况有时称为“跳舞”。

症状包括快速,无法控制的眼动ments. The direction of movement determines the type of nystagmus:

  • Horizontal nystagmus involves side-to-side eye movements.
  • Vertical nystagmus involves up-and-down eye movements.
  • 旋转或扭转，眼球震颤涉及圆形运动。

这些运动可能会根据原因而发生。

当大脑或内耳的部分调节眼动和定位无法正常工作时，就会发生眼球震颤。

The labyrinth is the outer wall of the inner ear that helps you sense movement and position. It also helps control eye movements. The condition can be either genetic or acquired.

Infantile nystagmus syndrome

先天性眼球震颤称为婴儿眼球震颤综合征（INS）。它可能是遗传遗传条件。INS通常会在孩子生命的头六周到三个月内出现。

This type of nystagmus is usually mild and isn’t typically caused by an underlying health problem. In rare cases, a congenital eye disease could cause INS. Albinism is one genetic condition associated with INS.

大多数有INS的人都不需要治疗，并且以后不会有并发症。实际上，许多患有INS的人甚至都没有注意到他们的眼睛运动。但是，视力挑战是普遍的。

Vision problems can range from mild to severe, and many people require corrective lenses or decide to have corrective surgery.

收购的眼球震颤

Acquired, or acute, nystagmus can develop at any stage of life. It often occurs due to injury or disease. Acquired nystagmus typically occurs due to events that affect the labyrinth in the inner ear.

Possible causes of acquired nystagmus include:

  • 中风
  • certain medications, including sedatives and antiseizure medications likephenytoin（Dilantin）
  • 过度饮酒
  • 头部受伤或创伤
  • 眼睛疾病
  • diseases of the inner ear
  • B-12或硫胺素缺陷
  • brain tumors
  • diseases of the central nervous system, including multiple sclerosis

如果您开始注意到眼球震颤的症状，请参阅医生。获得的眼球震颤总是由于潜在的健康状况而发生。您需要确定什么是这种情况以及如何最好地治疗它。

If you have congenital nystagmus, you’ll need to see an eye doctor called an ophthalmologist if the condition worsens or if you’re concerned about your vision.

您的眼科医生可以通过进行眼科检查来诊断眼球震颤。他们会询问您有关您的病史的信息，以确定任何潜在的健康问题，药物或环境状况是否可能导致您的视力问题。他们也可能：

  • measure your vision to determine the type of vision problems you have
  • 进行折射测试以确定您需要补偿视力问题的正确镜头功率
  • test how your eyes focus, move, and function together to look for problems that affect control of your eye movements or make it hard to use both eyes together

如果您的眼科医生诊断出您使用Nystagmus诊断您，他们可能建议您看到您的初级保健医生来解决任何潜在的健康状况。他们可能还会为您提供一些在家中做什么以帮助您应对Nystagmus的提示。

您的初级保健医生可以帮助确定是什么原因导致了您的眼球震颤。他们将首先询问您的病史，然后进行身体检查。

如果您的医生在接受历史记录并进行身体检查后无法确定您的神灵震颤的原因，他们将进行各种检查。血液检查可以帮助您的医生排除任何维生素缺乏症。

成像测试，例如X-rays,CT扫描, and MRIs, can help your doctor determine if any structural abnormalities in your brain or head are causing your nystagmus.

治疗for nystagmus depends on whether the condition is congenital or acquired. Congenital nystagmus doesn’t require treatment, although the following may help improve your vision:

有时，先天性眼球震颤在没有治疗的情况下会减少儿童期。如果您的孩子患有非常严重的病例，他们的医生可能会建议进行术语手术，以改变控制眼动的肌肉的位置。

这样的手术无法治愈眼球震颤，但它可以减少您的孩子转过头以改善视力的程度。

If you have acquired nystagmus, treatment will focus on the underlying cause. Some common treatments for acquired nystagmus include:

  • 改变药物
  • 用补充剂和饮食调整纠正维生素缺乏症
  • 眼部感染的药眼滴
  • antibiotics for infections of the inner ear
  • 肉毒杆菌毒素以治疗眼睛运动引起的视力严重干扰
  • special glasses lenses called prisms
  • 中枢神经系统疾病或脑部疾病的脑部手术

在有或没有治疗的情况下，眼球震颤可能会随着时间的流逝而改善。但是，眼球震颤通常永远不会完全消失。

The symptoms of nystagmus can make daily tasks more challenging. For instance, those with severe nystagmus may not be able to get a driver’s license, which can limit their mobility and require them to make transportation arrangements on a regular basis.

Sharp eyesight is also important if you’re handling or operating potentially dangerous equipment or equipment requiring precision. Nystagmus can limit the types of occupations and hobbies you have.

Another challenge of severe nystagmus is finding caregiver help. If you have very poor eyesight, you may need help carrying out daily activities. If you need assistance, it’s important to ask for it. Limited eyesight may increase your chances of injury.

TheAmerican Nystagmus网络has a list of helpful resources. You should also ask your doctor about the resources they recommend.