什么是腮腺炎？

腮腺炎是A.传染病由一种通过唾液，鼻系分泌物从一个人从一个人传递给另一个人的病毒引起的病毒引起的。

条件主要影响唾液腺s, also called the parotid glands. These glands are responsible for producing saliva. There are three sets of salivary glands on each side of your face, located behind and below your ears. The hallmark symptom of mumps is唾液腺肿胀。

Symptoms of mumps usually appear within two weeks of exposure to the virus. Flu-like symptoms may be the first to appear, including:

在接下来的几天内，高烧103°F（39°C）（39°C）和唾液腺的肿胀。腺体可能并非全部膨胀一次。更常见的是，它们定期膨胀并变得痛苦。当您的腮腺膨胀时，您最有可能将腮腺炎病毒传递给另一个人。

大多数合同腮腺炎的人都显示出病毒的症状。但是，有些人没有或很少有症状。

Because mumps is a virus, it doesn’t respond to antibiotics or other medications. However, you can treat the symptoms to make yourself more comfortable while you’re sick. These include:

  • Rest when you feel weak or tired.
  • 接管疼痛的止痛药，例如乙酰氨基酚和布洛芬，以降低发烧。
  • 申请抚慰肿胀的腺体冰袋。
  • Drink plenty of fluids to avoid脱水由于发烧。
  • 吃一个软食of soup, yogurt, and other foods that aren’t hard to chew (chewing may be painful when your glands are swollen).
  • Avoid acidic foods和饮料可能会导致唾液腺疼痛。

如果你感觉到它，你通常可以在医生诊断你的腮腺炎后一周返回工作或学校。到目前为止，你不再具有传染性。腮腺炎通常在几周内运行其课程。十天进入你的病情，你应该感觉更好。

大多数患有腮腺炎的人都不能第二次收缩疾病。有病毒曾经保护过你反对再次感染。

腮腺炎的并发症是罕见的，但如果未经治疗，可能会严重。腮腺炎主要影响腮腺。然而，它也可能导致身体的其他区域炎症，包括大脑和生殖器官。

Orchitis是睾丸的炎症，可能是由于腮腺炎。您可以通过每天几次将冷包放在睾丸上来管理睾丸炎。如有必要，您的医生可能推荐处方强度止痛药。在极少数情况下，睾丸炎可能导致无菌。

感染腮腺炎的女性可能会经历卵巢的肿胀。炎症可能是痛苦的，但不会伤害女人的鸡蛋。但是，如果一个女性在怀孕期间收缩腮腺炎，那么她的经历了一个高于正常的风险miscarriage。

Mumps may lead tomeningitisor脑炎, two potentially fatal conditions if left untreated. Meningitis is swelling of the membranes around your spinal cord and brain. Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain. Contact your doctor if you experience seizures, loss of consciousness, or severe headaches while you have mumps.

Pancreatitisis inflammation of the pancreas, an organ in the abdominal cavity. Mumps-induced pancreatitis is a temporary condition. Symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting.

腮腺炎病毒也会导致永久性听力损失in about 5 out of every 10,000 cases. The virus damages the cochlea, one of the structures in your inner ear that facilitates hearing.

疫苗接种可以防止腮腺炎。大多数婴儿和孩子都收到了一个麻疹，腮腺炎和风疹（MMR）的疫苗at the same time. The first MMR shot is generally given between the ages of 12 and 15 months at a routine well-child visit. A second vaccination is necessary for school-aged children between 4 and 6 years old. With two doses, the mumps vaccine is approximately 88 percent effective. 有效性 只有一剂约为78％。

在1957年之前出生的成年人尚未收缩腮腺炎可能希望接种疫苗。那些在高风险环境中工作的人，如医院或学校，应始终接种腮腺炎。

However, people who have compromised immune systems, are allergic to gelatin or neomycin, or are pregnant, shouldn’t receive the MMR vaccine. Consult your family doctor about animmunization schedulefor you and your children.