当您接受癌症治疗时，您服用的某些药物会导致口腔内部疼痛。如果您进行了骨髓（干细胞）移植作为癌症护理的一部分，也可以得到它们。
尽管它们经常自己愈合，但这些口腔疮可能会使进食和说话感到不舒服。我们将讨论您可以采取什么措施来减轻痛苦并防止他们恶化。
口腔溃疡可以是一个常见的副作用的癌症treatment. The condition, known asstomatitisormucositis，是口腔内组织的炎症。
脸颊，牙龈，嘴唇，舌头或嘴屋顶或地板上的脸颊，嘴唇，嘴唇，舌头，溃疡状疮可能会形成。即使您不发展口腔溃疡，您也可能会感到发炎和痛苦，就好像它们被烧毁一样。
任何收到的人chemotherapy，，，，radiation therapy，，，，or a骨髓（干细胞）移植可以形成口腔疮作为这些治疗的副作用。
如果你有dry mouthorgum disease，或者，如果您的牙齿和牙龈无法很好地照顾，则在治疗过程中可能面临更高的风险。根据该妇女和吸烟或喝酒的人的风险也更高。Oral Cancer Foundation。
If you’re receiving chemotherapy, the sores could begin forming anywhere from 5 days to 2 weeks after your treatment. Depending on the specific cause, the sores could go away on their own in a few weeks, or they could last longer.
It’s important to find ways to manage your pain and to watch for signs of an infection. Cancer-related mouth sores can lead to weight loss, dehydration, and other serious complications.
您可能会注意到癌症治疗几天到几周之间的任何地方的症状。随着粘膜炎的发展，您可能会看到和感觉到：
- 红色或白色补丁
- open sores (like ulcers or canker sores)
- pain
- 肿胀
- bleeding
- sore throat
- 吃，喝或吞咽困难
- 坏死（“死”组织）
You may notice that the sores become slightly crusty as they heal. It’s important to keep track of your symptoms and let your oncologist know if the sores aren’t healing on their own.
Contact a doctor right away if you:
- develop a fever
- 开始减肥，因为您无法正确进食或喝酒
- 你的疮恶化或变得更加痛苦
未处理的口腔疮会导致营养不良，脱水和威胁生命的感染。
口腔疮持续多长时间？
The length of time your mouth sores may last depends on the specific cancer treatment you’ve had. Here are some
- Chemotherapy.如果你有sores following chemotherapy, they will probably heal within 2 to 4 weeks, as long as an infection doesn’t develop.
- 放射治疗。If your sores are related to radiation therapy, the healing process can take a little longer — generally 6 to 8 weeks.
- 化学放疗。如果您对干细胞移植进行了化学放疗，则疮可能会在短短2周内消失。
There are a few different ways that you can help mouth sores heal and avoid prolonger pain or an infection.
Good dental hygiene
While the sores are healing, it’s very important to keep the inside of your mouth clean to prevent an infection from developing.
- 使用牙刷，牙刷非常柔软，清洁牙齿。您可以通过在热水下运行牙刷来软化刷毛。
- 用温和的漱口水冲洗，不含酒精。用白水冲洗很好。
- 如果疮变成硬皮，您可以用相等的水或盐水和3％过氧化氢制成的溶液冲洗。将这种处理仅限于2天，因为使用时间更长，它可以减慢疮的愈合。
- Keep up with a gentle daily flossing routine.
- 为了减轻疼痛，请将局部口服止痛药（如苯佐果石（Orajel））上受影响区域。
普通的冲洗
If the pain from mouth sores is interfering with your ability to eat and drink, a doctor may treat the condition with a
为了减轻不适感并防止口腔干燥，您可能想尝试用温和的盐水或小苏打溶液冲洗。这是使每个方法的方法：
- 盐水溶液。将1茶匙（5克）盐搅拌到4杯（1升）水中，直到溶解为止。
- 小苏打溶液。将1茶匙（5克）小苏打加到8盎司（240毫升）的水中，并彻底混合。
Your cancer care team may recommend that you use a lubricating liquid (artificial saliva) to moisten the inside of your mouth if dryness is a problem. These liquids are usually gel-like. They coat your mouth with a thin film to help ease discomfort and promote healing.
有些人发现用称为The The The The The的药物混合在一起很有用magic mouthwash。这种漱口水的配方各不相同，但其中大多数包括治疗不同症状的药物组合，包括：
- antihistamines
- corticosteroids
- 抗真菌
- 麻醉药
- 抗酸剂
- 抗生素
魔术或奇迹漱口水解决方案通常必须由医生开处方并由药剂师准备，尽管有些人在家中混合了非处方版。
没有足够的研究可以确定魔术漱口水是否有效。如果您认为自己想尝试一下，请与您的肿瘤学家或医疗保健专业人员谈谈这对您来说是个好主意。
处理口腔疮的更多提示
Here are a few more things you can try at home that may help ease pain from mouth sores:
- Chew ice chips to help numb painful areas.
- Stop smoking or using tobacco products.
- Dab on an over-the-counter oral pain medication to ease discomfort.
- Limit or avoid spicy, salty, and acidic foods.
- Choose soft foods that don’t require you to chew a lot.
- 确保您的食物不会太热或太冷。
- 用锋利的边缘（例如薯条）放弃食物，可能会很痛苦。
- 经常用凉水，用药冲洗，盐水或小苏打溶液冲洗嘴。
- Take care of your teeth and gums with good dental hygiene practices.
- 吃fruits, vegetables, and high-quality proteins促进您的整体健康。
癌症cells can grow very quickly. The aim of cancer treatment is to stop or slow down that growth. The cells in the mucous membranes lining your mouth are also fast-growing cells, so cancer treatments affect them, too.
癌症treatments also keep the cells in your mouth from being able to repair themselves efficiently when they’re damaged.
Dry mouth
放射疗法也会损害使唾液造成唾液的腺体。干嘴更容易受到引起口腔疮的感染。
感染
Chemotherapy and radiation can both change the microbiome in your mouth, upsetting the balance between good and bad bacteria. The growth of harmful bacteria in your mouth can also lead to mouth sores.
有时，癌症治疗抑制了您的免疫系统，这可能会使您更有可能获得引起口腔疮的细菌，病毒或真菌感染。较旧的感染（例如单纯疱疹病毒) can also suddenly flare up again.
移植物与宿主病
If you’ve had a bone marrow (stem cell) transplant, sores may be a sign that you’ve developed a condition known as移植抗宿主病（GVHD）。
When this happens, the cells in your body are attacking the transplanted cells as though they were an unhealthy invader. According to research published in
The form of GVHD that causes mouth sores is usually mild, and doctors often treat it with corticosteroid medications.
It’s important to talk with a doctor if you develop mouth sores after a stem cell transplant, as some kinds of GVHD can turn serious if left untreated.
There is a good chance that you’ll experience mouth sores at some point during your cancer treatment.
尽管如此，您和您的癌症护理团队仍可以采取一些步骤来降低风险，减少疮的严重程度并促进更快的康复。
预防性牙科护理
About a month before your cancer treatment begins, schedule an appointment with a dentist to make sure your teeth and gums are healthy. If you have cavities, broken teeth, or gum disease, it’s important to come up with a
If you wear braces or dentures, ask a dentist to check the fit and remove any part of the device you don’t need during your treatment.
It’s very important to maintain good oral hygiene practices throughout your treatment to lower your risk of infection. Brush and floss gently but regularly, avoiding any painful areas. You can also ask a dentist whether a mouth rinse with fluoride is advisable in your case.
预防性治疗
Cryotherapy
对于某些类型的化学疗法（注：5-氟尿嘧啶化疗和一些高剂量疗法），您的医疗保健团队可能会在治疗前给您冰片30分钟。这种冷疗法可以降低您以后患口腔疮的风险。
呼pal
During treatment of some血癌，医生可能会给您注射晶Califermin，也称为人角质形成细胞生长因子1（KGF-1），以防止口腔疮。
Low-level laser therapy
如果您计划接受高剂量的化疗或放射治疗，则您的癌症护理团队可能会事先使用低级激光疗法来准备口腔，以防止您疼痛。
苯并达明漱口水
对于对头颈癌进行放射疗法的人，医生可能会开出这种药漱口水以最大程度地减少口腔疮。
Mouth sores are one of the most common side effects of cancer treatment. Shortly after chemotherapy, radiation, or transplant treatments, painful, ulcer-like sores can form on the inside of your mouth.
These sores may go away on their own. If they don’t, it’s important to seek medical treatment for them because they can lead to very serious complications.
在开始癌症治疗之前，请探访牙医，以确保您的牙齿和牙龈健康。在癌症治疗期间和之后保持良好的牙齿卫生习惯将有助于限制口腔疮。
如果疮使您无法饮食，请与您的肿瘤学家谈谈药物可以缓解疼痛并加快康复过程，因此您可以在治疗过程中享受更好的生活质量。
跟踪口腔中的任何疮非常重要，这样您就可以与您的医疗团队联系起来，如果他们没有改善。加深或恶化的疮可能会导致严重的（甚至威胁生命）并发症。