Erik Erikson是一个20世纪的心理学家。他分析并将人类经验分为八个发展阶段。每个阶段都有独特的冲突和独特的结果。

一个这样的阶段 - 亲密关系与孤立 - 指出斗争的年轻成年人试图发展亲密，爱情的关系。这是埃里克森的第六届发展阶段。

As people pass through these stages, Erikson believed they gained skills that would help them succeed in future stages. However, if they had trouble attaining these skills, they might struggle.

在亲密关系与孤立阶段，根据Erikson，成功意味着拥有健康，充实的关系。失败意味着体验孤独或隔离。

虽然亲密词可能会唤起性关系的想法，这不是erikson如何描述它。

According to him, intimacy is a loving relationship of any sort. It requires sharing yourself with others. It can help you develop deeply personal connections.

Yes, in some cases, this may be a romantic relationship. Erickson believed this stage of development happens between ages 19 and 40 — which is precisely when most individuals might be looking for a lifelong romantic partner.

然而，他没有认为浪漫是建立亲密关系的唯一努力。相反，这是人们可以发展维持，实现的时候relationships with people谁不是家人。

Those who were your “best friends” in high school may become cherished elements of your intimate circle. They might also fall out and become acquaintances. This is a time during which those distinctions are often made.

另一方面，隔离是一个人试图避免亲密关系。这可能是因为你恐惧承诺or are hesitant to open yourself up in an intimate way to anyone.

Isolation may prevent you from developing healthy relationships. It may also be the result of relationships that fell apart, and can be a self-destructive cycle.

If you were harmed in an intimate relationship, you may fear intimacy in the future. That can lead you to avoid opening yourself up to others. In turn, that may cause loneliness — even eventual social isolation and depression.

亲密是一个选择向别人打开自己并分享你是谁以及你的经历，以便你可以创造持久的强大的联系。当你把自己放在那里并返回那个信任时，你就会发展亲密关系。

如果这些努力是斥责，或者你以某种方式拒绝，你可能会退出。被驳回，唾弃或受伤的恐惧可能导致你将自己与他人分开。

最终，这可能导致自尊心低，这可能会使你更不可能冒险冒险制定关系或新的友谊。

Erikson believed that in order to continue developing as a healthy individual, people need to successfully complete each stage of development. Otherwise, they’ll be stuck and may be unable to complete future stages.

For this phase of development, that means you need to learn how to develop and maintain healthy relationships. Otherwise, the remaining two phases of development may be in jeopardy.

Isolation is often the result of a害怕被拒绝或解雇。如果你担心你会被拒绝或从朋友或潜在的浪漫伴侣推开，你可以完全避免互动。

这最终可能导致您避免所有未来的成立关系的尝试。

从隔离移动到亲密关系要求您抵制避免他人和裙子困难关系问题的趋势。它呼吁你与自己和其他人开放和诚实。对于倾向于隔离自己的人来说，这通常很难。

在这一点上，治疗师可能会有所帮助。他们可以帮助您了解可能阻止亲密的行为，并帮助您开发从隔离致力于亲密，实现关系的策略。

埃里克森认为，未实现任何发展阶段将在未来呈现问题。如果你无法培养强烈的自我身份感（第五阶段），你可能会努力发展健康的关系。

Trouble at this stage of development might prevent you from nurturing individuals or projects that will “leave your mark” on future generations.

更重要的是，长期隔离可能对您的心理健康有害。 研究 表明孤独和社会隔离会导致心血管疾病。

尽管没有建立强大，亲密的债券，但有些人可能会有一种关系。但这在长期以来可能不会成功。

一 学习 found that women who were unable to develop strong intimacy skills were more likely to be divorced by midlife.

健康，成功的关系是许多发展要素的结果 - 包括具有身份感。

Building those relationships also depends on knowing how to communicate openly and honestly. Whether you ascribe your development to Erikson’s philosophy or not, healthy relationships are beneficial for many reasons.

If you struggle to form or maintain relationships, a therapist may be able to help you.

A trained mental health expert can help you work through a tendency to isolate yourself. They can also help prepare you with the proper tools to form good, long-lasting relationships.