Osteoporosis is a chronic condition caused by the loss of bone density. You can reverse the loss of bone density with medical therapies that may slow, maintain, or even increase your bone density.
Your doctor may recommend taking certain medications to prevent or treat bone loss, and some may even help you rebuild bone density.
您还可以帮助预防骨折和其他症状骨质疏松症和：
- 营养饮食
- 定期运动
- 健康习惯
- 补充剂的使用（可能）
A serious complication of osteoporosis is breaking a bone, which can lead to:
- chronic pain
- 有限的移动性
- a loss of independence
It’s important to avoid falls as much as possible.
您的医生根据骨密度损失诊断骨质疏松症。您可以拥有不同程度的状况，并尽早抓住它可以帮助您防止病情恶化。
You cannot reverse bone loss on your own. But there are a lot of ways you can stop further bone loss.
如果您被诊断出骨质疏松症or at a greater risk for developing it, your doctor may recommend certain medications to take. Your risk for the condition may increase due to:
- age
- prior health conditions
- certain medication use
Treatment with medication aims to prevent the condition from getting worse and reduce your risk for fracturing bones.
Two types of medications can help treat osteoporosis.
- Antiresorptive medications.他们减缓骨质密度的崩溃。你可以不ake them as oral tablets, nasal sprays, injections, and intravenous administrations. The most common drugs prescribed are bisphosphonates like alendronate, risedronate, and zoledronic acid. Other options are estrogen-like medicines, such as denosumab and calcitonin.
- 合成代谢。They generate more bone than you are losing. This helps to rebuild your bone density. They are only available through injection. They include parathyroid hormone (PTH), parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), and romosozumab-aqqg.
You cannot reverse bone loss on your own without medications, but there are many lifestyle modifications you can make to stop more bone loss from occurring.
Diet
Eating a diet that isnutrient-rich and diverse保持骨骼坚固很重要。食用这些食物可以使您的骨骼提升：
- fruits
- 蔬菜
- 乳制品
- certain proteins
Here are some of the vitamins and minerals you want to incorporate into your diet for bone health.
- 钙。It’s an important mineral for骨骼健康。乳制品和许多深层绿叶蔬菜是钙的良好来源。但是过多的钙也可能是有问题的。查看食品标签，以确定每份钙多少。
- 维生素D。It helps your body过程钙, among other health benefits. Fish with lots of fat, like tuna and salmon, contain this vitamin. Other foods like milk and orange juice may be fortified with it. You can get vitamin D by going out in the sun, but be mindful of prolonged exposure to ultraviolet rays.
There are also drinks and ingredients you should avoid or reduce consumption of to help your bone health.
- 酒精。大量饮酒会促进骨质流失。每天不超过两三杯饮料是一个好主意。
- Caffeine.Beverages and foods containing caffeine can also affect the way your body processes calcium.
- 苏打。Certain soft drinks, specifically cola, may be associated with bone loss. More research is needed to understand exactly what causes this.
锻炼
进行定期运动可以帮助您的骨头在成年中保持强壮。运动还有其他好处，例如增强肌肉以帮助您保持协调和平衡。
These benefits can also help you prevent falls or bumps into objects that might lead to broken bones with osteoporosis.
You should engage in several运动类型定期帮助您的骨头：
- 减肥运动。其中包括有氧活动，例如步行，舞蹈和网球，这些活动在运动过程中与重力作斗争。
- 抵抗运动。These are movements that use weights, bands, body weight, or other equipment to build strength.
- 伸展。它们是可以使您的身体保持灵活并更轻松移动的动作。
与您的医生谈谈适当的锻炼程序。您应该避免进行高影响力练习，并且可能需要修改某些活动以避免受伤。
消除不健康的习惯
这样的不健康习惯可能会使骨质疏松症恶化：
- drinking too much alcohol
- 抽烟
- 吃不健康的食物
为了最大化营养并保持健康的体重，您可以尝试：
- 避免吸烟
- 减少或消除每周喝多少酒精
- eat a healthy diet with limited sugars, salts, and processed foods
Supplements
仅您的饮食可能不足以维持足够的骨骼健康维生素和矿物质。
您的医生可能建议服用多种维生素或特定维生素或矿物质的补充，以满足您的日常需求。重要的是要获得建议的金额。
请记住，食品药品监督管理局不批准或控制补充剂，因此在开始使用医生并从知名制造商那里购买它们之前，请与您的医生一起检查。
骨质减少表示低骨质。这种情况可能导致骨质疏松症，但这并不一定意味着这是已定局的结论。您也许可以依靠生活方式的修改来阻止骨质流失，例如：
- a healthy, robust, and diverse diet
- a regular variety of exercise
- 补充，如果需要
Your doctor may also recommend taking medications to prevent osteoporosis from developing.
A diagnosis of osteoporosis comes when your bone mass is low. You may find out you have osteoporosis from a bone scan or after you experience a broken bone.
Osteoporosis is often a condition associated with aging, and women can be especially vulnerable to it.
您应该始终遵循建议用于骨质疏松症的健康治疗计划。忽略疾病可能很容易，因为症状并不明显。
But delaying or neglecting treatment for osteoporosis can lead to bone breaks and other symptoms like:
- 身高萎缩
- 姿势不佳
- discomfort
There are a variety of medications to treat osteoporosis, so you and your doctor can determine the best option for you. For example, some medications you may need to take daily.
其他人可能需要每月几次或每年一次在医生办公室的管理。
如果您阻止骨密度降低并且没有骨折或断裂，则您的治疗计划将被认为是成功的。一些治疗方法还可以帮助您重建骨密度。
Your doctor may recommend a change in treatment if you experience worsening symptoms or if your medication is only helpful for a certain period of time.
There may be instances where you take a break from medication. You may need to take medication again at some point. Your doctor will monitor your condition to determine what type of treatment you need.