乳房X线照片是乳房的X射线。它是用于检测乳腺癌的筛选工具。与常规临床考试和每月乳房自检一起，乳房X线照片是早期诊断乳腺癌的关键因素。
Even though thinking about getting one might make you uncomfortable, annual mammograms are important after age 40. According to the
In 2021, it’s predicted that there will be
Main uses of mammograms
如果您的医生订购乳房X线照片作为常规测试以检查任何癌症或变化，则称为筛选乳房X线图。在这种类型的测试中，您可以使用机器获得母乳的几张图像。
If you have a lump or any other symptom ofbreast cancer，您的医生将订购诊断乳房X XMIMP照片。如果您有乳房植入物，您可能需要一个诊断乳房X光检查。
Diagnostic mammograms are more extensive than screening mammograms. They typically require moreX-raysto get views of the breast from multiple positions. Your radiologist may also magnify any areas of concern.
一些专家，包括美国产科医生和妇科医生and the
如果您有乳腺癌的个人或家族史，您的医生可能会建议您早先开始筛选，更常见，或使用其他诊断工具。
当他们的乳房压缩时，大多数人都会感到一些不适。您的确切体验将根据一些独特因素而有所不同，例如：
- breast size
- 与预期即将到期的期间相关的乳房压痛
- 技术人员的技能集
您觉得的任何疼痛或不适应该是短暂的。该程序提出了
您需要遵循乳房X线摄影预约当天的某些指南。您应该避免应用以下物质，这可以显示为图像上的白色斑点：
- deodorants
- body powders
- perfumes
- ointments or creams on your breasts or underarms
如果您怀孕或母乳喂养，请务必在考试前告诉您的放射科医生。一般来说，您将无法在此时接收筛选乳房X线照片，但如有必要，您的医生可以订购其他筛选方法，例如ultrasound.
在从腰部脱下衣服并脱掉任何项链后，技术人员会给你一个在前面带来的手机或长袍。根据测试设施，您可以站立或坐在图像的同时。
Each breast fits onto a flat X-ray plate. A compressor will then push the breast down to flatten the tissue. This provides a clearer picture of the breast. You might have to hold your breath for each picture. You may feel a small amount of pressure or discomfort, but it’s usually very brief.
During the process, your doctor will review the images as they are made. They may order additional images that show different views if something’s unclear or needs further attention. This happens quite frequently and is considered routine.
Digital mammograms
有时会使用数字乳房X光图，如果它们有用。如果您年满50岁，这些都是特别有用的。与老年人相比，这个年龄段的人通常会有密集的乳房。
数字乳房X线照片将X射线转换为乳房的电子照片，以节省电脑。图像立即可见，因此您的放射科医生不必等待图像。
The computer can also help your doctor see images that might not have been very visible on a regular mammogram.
Yes, mammograms are safe.
与任何类型的x光,你收到exposure to a very small amount of radiation during mammography. However, the risk from this exposure is extremely low.
If a person is pregnant and absolutely needs a mammogram before their delivery date, they’ll typically wear a lead apron during the procedure.
If you’re over age 40, your health insurance will likely cover the cost of a mammogram. Contact your insurance provider to learn which types of mammograms are covered and whether you’ll need to pay any out-of-pocket costs.
If you don’t have health insurance or your coverage does not include mammograms, you can access free or low-cost mammograms through services like the
如果可能的话，最好在专门从事乳房X光线照片的设施中获得这种类型的筛选。被那些认可的人American College of Radiologyhave technicians who are specially trained in mammography. These facilities use equipment that meets specific standards and is inspected regularly.
Consider finding a facility that also does additional testing, such as MRI, ultrasound, or other imaging procedures in case you need further screening.
在年度乳房X线照片方面，尽可能每年使用相同的设施。这使得将结果与年份比较更容易。如果您是第一次访问新设施并已先前的乳房X光检查，请考虑与您带来旧图像。
Images from a mammogram can help findcalcifications, or calcium deposits, in your breasts. The test can also findcysts— which may come and go normally during some people’s menstrual cycles — and any cancerous or noncancerous lumps.
有一个国家诊断系统，用于阅读哺乳动线照片Breast Imaging Reporting and Database System (BI-RADS).
In this system, there are seven categories, ranging from zero to six. Each category describes whether additional images are necessary and whether an area is more likely to have abenign(noncancerous) or cancerous lump.
每个类别都有自己的后续计划。后续计划的行动可能包括：
- gathering additional images
- 找到以前的乳房图像图像以进行比较
- 继续常规放映
- making an appointment for follow-up in 6 months
- performing a biopsy
您的医生将审核您的结果并在后续预约期间解释您的后续步骤。