膝盖疼痛影响
Pain on the outer (or lateral) part of the knee can be caused by an injury. It may also be the result of inflammation in a band of tough fibrous tissue that runs down the outside of the thigh, and attaches to the front of the tibia (shin bone). Pain in this area may also be caused by arthritis.
膝盖疼痛在远程运动员中非常普遍。但是，涉及扭曲膝盖或将膝盖推出（远离另一只腿）的伤害也可能导致膝盖疼痛。
Treatment for lateral knee pain depends on the cause and severity of your symptoms. Most of the time, conservative or nonsurgical treatment is all that’s needed. However, in some cases, surgery may be necessary. As with treatment, recovery time from a lateral knee injury depends on the severity of the problem.
In this article we explore some of the mostcommon causesof lateral knee pain and how they’re diagnosed and treated.
髂胫束是一条厚厚的strip of connective tissue that runs from the outer hip down to the shinbone.
Repetitively bending and straightening the knee under intense circumstances can cause it to tighten and become inflamed. The iliotibial band may also irritate nearby tissue. Pain is most commonly felt on the outer part of the knee but can be felt higher up in the outer thigh as well.
The menisci are two tough rubbery pieces of cartilage that sit in between the femur (thigh bone) and tibia (shinbone). The medial meniscus is on the inside part of the knee while the lateral meniscus is on the outer side.
The lateral meniscus is often torn during a sudden twisting motion when the foot is planted and the body turns to the side. Athletes who make sudden change-of-direction moves — such as those who play football, soccer, tennis, and basketball — are especially vulnerable to this injury.
A撕裂的外侧弯月面随着软骨随着年龄的增长而变得较小的弹性，也可能会缓慢发展。这些类型的眼泪通常没有明显的伤害，但会引起严重的疼痛。半月板眼泪的其他症状包括试图拉直腿时会产生锁定感觉，蹲下时肿胀和疼痛。
The lateral collateral ligament (LCL) is one of the four main ligaments of the knee. It connects the outer side of the femur and tibia and is primarily responsible for stabilizing the outer aspect of the knee.
AnLCL injury(sprain) is often the result of a blow to the inside part of the knee; this causes the LCL to stretch beyond normal and can result in partial or complete tearing of the ligament.
症状可能包括膝盖外部的酸痛，肿胀和僵硬。您可能会遇到不稳定的感觉 - 膝盖不稳定并屈服或散发出来。
Osteoarthritis (OA)is the most common form of arthritis and affects more than
With aging, the cartilage that helps cushion the ends of bones in the knee joint can wear thin and eventually allow the bones to rub together. Pain, stiffness, and loss of joint movement can follow.
有些人在膝关节外隔室中的软骨更明显，这可能导致侧侧膝盖疼痛。
The tibial plateau is located at the top of the shin at the knee. A break on the outer or lateral part of the tibial plateau can cause considerable knee pain. A lateral胫骨高原骨折is often the result of a vehicle accident or a bad fall that impacts the outer knee directly.
If the bones are still aligned, surgery may not be required to treat the injury. If not, you may need surgery to place the affected bones in their proper position and secure them with screws or plates.
A膝盖挫伤是膝盖受伤的临床术语。软组织挫伤仅限于皮肤和肌肉组织，但是如果损伤足以伤害骨骼，则称为骨头挫伤。
当瘀伤发生在外膝盖上时，膝盖疼痛可能会持续几个小时或几天，具体取决于受伤的严重程度。通常，冰，休息和抬高膝盖足以缓解症状，并让膝盖瘀伤愈合。
When you see a doctor about lateral knee pain, they’ll first ask you to describe the location and type of pain, for example is the pain sharp or aching? They’ll also ask you when the pain started and what activity you were doing when your symptoms began.
They’ll then perform a physical examination that will typically involve extending and flexing your knee, as well as moving it gently from side to side. This may reveal whether there’s any swelling, areas of tenderness, or looseness in any of the ligaments.
成像测试也可能是合适的，包括以下一项或多项：
- X-ray看骨头
- 磁共振成像（MRI）to get detailed images of ligaments, tendons, muscles, and cartilage
- Computed tomography (CT) scan与标准X射线相比，提供了骨骼的更详细图像
根据您的症状，身体检查和成像，医生应该能够诊断膝盖受伤的原因和严重性并提出治疗计划。
For minor lateral knee injuries, rest and conservative (nonsurgical) measures are all that are needed to allow them to heal. However, ligament tears, meniscus tears, and advanced arthritis may require surgery.
伊利诺蒂伯综合症
ITBS can usually be treated with rest and a slow return to activity once you’re feeling better. Exercises that improve flexibility of the iliotibial band and strength of the knee can also be helpful. Other treatments include:
- ice on the outside of the knee
- 抗炎药，例如布洛芬（Advil），萘普生（Aleve）或对乙酰氨基酚（Tylenol）
- corticosteroid injection to reduce inflammation
A study published in the
Lateral meniscus tear
Only the very outer portion of the meniscus has a healthy blood supply, and therefore most meniscus tears do not heal on their own. However, small tears can be treated with some combination of rest, ice, bracing (or a compression bandage), physical therapy, and a “cortisone” injection.
More serious tears often require surgery to either repair the tear or trim off the damaged portion of meniscus tissue.
Ligament injuries
Sprains or minor tears of a ligament may not require surgery. Rest and bracing may be enough to allow the ligament to heal. A complete tear of the LCL most often requires an operation to repair.
Osteoarthritis
TheOsteoarthritis Research Society Internationalrecommends several non-surgical options for treating an arthritic knee. These include:
- strength training to help the muscles surrounding the knee better support and stabilize the joint
- biomechanical devices, such as knee braces, to support the knee when walking and doing other activities
- water- and land-based exercises to help improve knee flexibility and function
- 减肥（如果超重），以减轻膝盖和其他关节的压力
For patients with advanced arthritis and severe pain, surgical options include partial or total knee replacement for those patients who have “failed” other forms of conservative (non-operative) treatment.
恢复时间因您的伤害类型，严重程度以及所开处方的物理疗法而有所不同。这是特定伤害的典型恢复时间。
| IT band syndrome | Lateral meniscus tears | LCL扭伤或眼泪 | Osteoarthritis |
| Full ITBS recovery can take 4 to 8 weeks, depending on severity and how well you stick to physical therapy. | A minor lateral meniscus tear may heal enough to allow you to return to normal activities within 2 weeks. With surgery, recovery time is about 6 weeks. | 小拼箱我扭伤之间可能需要一个星期th to heal enough for you to be able to return to normal activities. If surgery is required, full recovery may take several month for an LCL tear to heal. | 骨关节炎的非手术治疗可以立即开始帮助。随后的手术和物理疗法可能需要几个月的时间才能使您重返通常的活动。 |
由于所有重大的膝盖受伤，通常需要进行物理疗法来帮助您恢复力量和全方位运动。
膝盖受伤会影响运动员，儿童，老年人以及介于两者之间的每个人。由于膝盖受伤可能会恶化，而无需休息和适当的治疗，因此必须评估医生的侧膝疼痛。专门从事膝盖受伤的骨科外科医生对诊断和治疗伤害特别有用。
If you’re a runner, remember that once you return to running, you should gradually build up the number of miles you run each week and try to run on an even, flat surfaces as much as possible. Uneven terrain and banked running tracks can lead to ITBS and other knee injuries.
Everyone should approach their recovery intelligently and follow the advice of healthcare professionals in order to avoid complications and to reduce the likelihood of a repeat injury.