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Gastritis is an inflammation of the protective lining of the stomach.
Acute gastritisinvolves sudden, severe inflammation.Chronic gastritisinvolves long-term inflammation that can last for years if it’s left untreated.
Erosive gastritis is a less common form of the condition. It typically doesn’t cause much inflammation, but it can lead to bleeding and ulcers in the lining of the stomach.
Gastritis doesn’t cause noticeable symptoms in everyone. The
- nausea
- 呕吐物ing
- a feeling of fullness in your upper abdomen, particularly after eating
- indigestion
If you have erosive gastritis, you might experience different symptoms, including:
- black, tarry stool
- 呕吐物ing blood or material that looks like coffee grounds
The treatment for gastritis depends on the cause of the condition.
If you have gastritis caused by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or other medications, avoiding those drugs may be enough to
Doctors routinely treat gastritis as a result ofH. pyloriwith antibiotics in order to kill the bacteria.
In addition to antibiotics, several other types of medication are used to treat gastritis:
Proton pump inhibitors
Medications called proton pump inhibitors work by blocking cells that create stomach acid. Common proton pump inhibitors include:
- omeprazole (Prilosec)
- lansoprazole (Prevacid)
- eSomeprazole（Nexium）
However, long-term use of these medications, especially at high doses, can lead to an increased risk of spine, hip, and wrist fractures. It can also lead to increased risk of
在开始这些药物之前与您的医生交谈，以创建适合您的治疗计划。
Acid reducing medications
Famotidine(Pepcid) is one example of a medication that reduces the amount of acid your stomach produces.
By lowering the amount of acid that’s released into your digestive tract, these medications relieve the pain of gastritis and allow your stomach lining to heal.
Antacids
Your doctor may
Some antacids may cause diarrhea or constipation, so talk with your doctor if you experience any of these side effects.
Probiotics
Probioticshave been shown to
There are currently no guidelines supporting the use of probiotics in ulcer management.
Shop for probiotic supplements online.
Weakness in your stomach lining allows digestive juices to damage and inflame it, causing gastritis. Having a thin or damaged stomach lining raises your risk for gastritis.
A gastrointestinal bacterial infection can also cause gastritis. The most common bacterial infection that causes it isH. pylori, a bacterium that infects the lining of the stomach. The infection is usually passed from person to person, but it can also be transmitted through contaminated food or water.
Certain conditions and activities may increase your risk for developing gastritis. Other risk factors
- extreme alcohol consumption
- routine use of NSAIDs like ibuprofen and aspirin
- cocaine use
- age, because the stomach liningthins naturally with age
- tobacco use
Other less common risk factors include:
- stress
- 自身免疫障碍
- 消化系统障碍喜欢Crohn’s disease
- viral infections
Your doctor will perform a physical exam, ask about your symptoms, and ask for your family history. They may also recommend a breath, blood, or stool test to check forH. pylori. In addition, your doctor may:
- Perform an upper GI endoscopy.Thisis to check for inflammation in the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. Your doctor may take a small sample, or biopsy, of the lining of the stomach. A pathologist will examine this sample for anything unusual under a microscope.
- Perform an upper GI series.这涉及在吞下X射线之后服用消化道的X射线bariumsolution. This will help distinguish areas of concern.
- Send you for a blood test.This is to check for other causes for your gastritis symptoms or signs of complications.
- Ask you for a stool sample.This may rule out anH. pylori感染或粪便中的血液。血液可能表明你的胃里出血。
- Ask you to do a urea breath test.This also tests for anH. pyloriinfection by having you swallow a urea capsule and then seeing whether you breathe out carbon dioxide atoms. This would indicate you have the infection.
如果您需要帮助查找初级保健医生，您可以通过此处浏览您所在地区的医生Healthline FindCare tool.
If your gastritis is left untreated, it can lead to a variety of complications. Certain forms of gastritis can increase your risk of developing stomach cancer, particularly in people with thinned stomach linings.
Complications may
- anemia
- 维生素B12，维生素D，叶酸，维生素C，锌，钙和镁中的缺陷
- bleeding in the stomach
- perforation inside the stomach
- peptic ulcers
- 慢性萎缩性胃炎，除炎症外，胃髓中的细胞丧失
- gastric metaplasia and dysplasia, which are types of precancerous lesions in the stomach
- achlorhydria, which prevents the stomach from producing the acid it needs to digest food properly
- perforation of the stomach
- cancers such as adenocarcinoma (gastric cancer), mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, and neuroendocrine tumors (NET)
Because of these potential complications, it’s important to consult with your doctor if you experience any symptoms of gastritis, especially if they’re chronic.
Preventative strategies may depend on your health and whether or not you have any conditions that put you at risk for developing gastritis. But, since gastritis doesn’t always have a clear cause, it can be hard to prevent.
但是，你可以做一些事情：
- Maintaining good hygiene habits.Habits like handwashing may help you
reduce the risk of having aH. pyloriinfection. - Taking good care of your mental health.Self-care and de-stressing practices may reduce your risk of
developing stress-induced gastritis. - Eating smaller meals more slowly and regularly.Also, avoiding or limiting fried, salty, sugary and spicy foods (these are things that research shows could trigger gastritis symptoms).
- 戒烟，如果你吸烟。
- Avoiding or limiting alcohol and caffeine.
The outlook for gastritis depends on the underlying cause. Acute gastritis usually resolves quickly with treatment.H. pylori例如，感染通常可以用一轮或两轮抗生素治疗。
However, sometimes treatment fails and it can turn into chronic, or long-term, gastritis. Talk with your doctor to develop an effective treatment plan for you.