什么是卵泡刺激激素水平测试？

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is an important part of the reproductive system. It’s responsible for the growth of ovarian follicles. Follicles produce estrogen and progesterone in the ovaries and help maintain the menstrual cycles in women. In men, FSH is a part of the development of the gonads as well as sperm production.

The FSH test measures the level of FSH found in your blood. Your doctor will order an FSH test to find the underlying cause of symptoms affecting the reproductive system.

FSH测试是一个简单的血液检查。可能会要求妇女在月经周期（通常是头几天）的特定点进行此测试。

女性FSH测试

In women,theFSH测试的最常见原因包括：

  • assessing infertility problems
  • assessing irregular menstrual cycles
  • 诊断垂体或涉及卵巢的疾病的疾病

男士的FSH测试

In men,an FSH test may be done to:

  • 评估低精子计数
  • assess hypogonadism or gonadal failure
  • 评估睾丸功能障碍

FSH Test for Children

可以使用FSH测试来确定孩子是否经历了早期青春期的早期青春期。FSH测试也可以用于确定孩子是否经历了青春期的延迟。当性特征或器官在应有的何时发展时，就会发生这种情况。

Talk to your doctor about any prescription or nonprescription medications, dietary supplements, and vitamins you’re taking before any medical test is performed. You should tell your doctor about any types of birth control you use, such as the pill, an intrauterine device, or the patch, because this may play a role in your test results.

您还应该与您的医生讨论任何现有的医疗疾病，例如以下内容：

  • uncontrolled thyroid disease
  • sex-dependent hormone tumors
  • 卵巢囊肿
  • unusual vaginal bleeding

These conditions may be associated with FSH levels.

FSH级别的测试很简单，涉及以下步骤：

  1. A healthcare provider will tie a tourniquet above the site where the blood will be taken. Blood is usually taken from the arm.
  2. They’ll clean and sterilize the site with an antiseptic and insert a needle directly into your vein.
  3. Most people feel a few moments of sharp pain initially, but this will quickly fade as the blood is drawn.
  4. They’ll remove the needle within a few minutes and then ask you to apply pressure to the site with a cotton ball or small cloth.
  5. They’ll place a bandage on the site.

With any procedure, a small amount of risk is involved. Slight risks include:

  • vasovagal syncope, or fainting at the sight of blood
  • dizziness
  • 眩晕
  • 感染
  • bruising
  • 血肿
  • 疼痛
  • redness at the needle site

FSH levels vary based on gender and age. They also vary depending on where a woman is in her monthly cycle. Each lab has a slightly different reference range. You should discuss your results with your doctor.

高FSH水平

女性的FSH水平高

If you’re a woman with high FSH levels, this may indicate:

  • 失去卵巢功能或卵巢衰竭
  • 绝经
  • polycystic ovarian syndrome, which is a condition in which a woman’s hormones are out of balance, causing ovarian cysts
  • a chromosomal abnormality, such as Turner’s syndrome that occurs when part or all of one of a woman’s X chromosomes is missing

FSH的增加也可能表明，优质鸡蛋和胚胎的产生减少。这样做的一个普遍原因是您的年龄。随着年龄的增长，您的生育能力开始下降，卵巢成熟。保留的卵的质量低于早期。

FSH测试可以与其他测试一起使用，以研究黄体生成激素，雌二醇和孕酮的水平，以确定妇女的卵巢储备。“卵巢储备”一词是指女性与年龄相关的生育潜力。高FSH水平意味着您怀孕的机会可能低于年龄的预期。这并不意味着您没有受孕的机会，但是您可能会有更多的困难，需要不孕治疗。

高FSH水平in Men

If you’re a man with high FSH values, this may indicate:

  • Klinefelter的综合征，这是由额外的X染色体引起的男性罕见病，可能会影响男性发育
  • testicles that are absent or not functioning properly
  • 受酒精依赖等疾病损害的睾丸
  • testicles that have been damaged by treatments such as X-rays or chemotherapy

高FSH水平in Children

High FSH levels in children may mean that puberty is about to start.

Low FSH Levels

Low FSH values may indicate that:

  • 女人没有产鸡蛋
  • 一个男人没有生产精子
  • 下丘脑或垂体是大脑中的激素控制中心，无法正常运行
  • 肿瘤正在干扰大脑控制FSH产生的能力

压力和体重严重会影响FSH值。